《纽约公约》下仲裁协议有效性问题实证研究——以我国法院审查仲裁协议效力为视角

An Empirical Study on the Validity of Arbitration Agreements under the New York Convention--From the perspective of Chinese courts in reviewing the arbitration agreements

随着“一带一路”建设的深入推进,中国企业参与的涉外仲裁不断增加,中国法院正在积极推动外国商事仲裁裁决的承认与执行。仲裁协议是国际商事仲裁的基础,《纽约公约》明确将缺乏有效仲裁协议列为公约成员国法院拒绝承认与执行外国仲裁裁决的情形之一。2001年以来的中国法院以仲裁协议无效为主要理由拒绝承认与执行外国仲裁裁决的司法实践,具体涉及当事人主体适格、仲裁协议书面形式、仲裁机构约定等因素存在瑕疵。涉外当事人应高度重视法院有关仲裁协议效力的司法认定,注意仲裁协议主体、形式、内容的有效性,避免仲裁协议被认定无效,更好地保障争议解决程序的进行。

With the in-depth promotion of the Belt and Road Initiative,the number of foreign-related arbitrations in which Chinese enterprises are involved has been increasing,and Chinese courts are actively promoting the recognition and enforcement of foreign commercial arbitral awards.Arbitration agreement is the foundation of international commercial arbitration,and the New York Convention explicitly lists the lack of a valid arbitration agreement as one of the circumstances under which the courts of the member states of the Convention refuse to recognize and enforce foreign arbitral awards.Since 2001,Chinese courts have refused to recognize and enforce foreign arbitral awards on the ground that the arbitration agreement is invalid,which involves defects in the subject matter of the interested parties,the written form of the arbitration agreement,the agreement of the arbitration institution and other factors.Parties concerned should attach great importance to the court’s judicial determination of the validity of the arbitration agreement,pay attention to the validity of the subject,form and content of the arbitration agreement,avoid the arbitration agreement being recognized as invalid,and better safeguard the dispute resolution process.