澄明与借镜:国际老年人体育活动研究进展及启示

Clarification and Borrowing Mirror:Research Progress and Enlightenment of International Physical Activity in the Elderly

目的为丰富国内老年体育的研究视角,采用范围综述的方法回顾、归纳与分析老年人体育活动的国外相关研究。方法基于生命历程理论框架,在Web of Science核心合集、EBSCO和ProQues数据库检索2002—2022年发表的相关文献。结果共纳入24篇文献。1)早期体育活动经历对个体晚年体育参与有促进作用。2)生命事件对老年人体育活动的影响受性别、年龄和种族的调节,且个人突变性生命事件数量越少,其体育参与度越高。3)老年群体体育活动参与的差异性与历史文化背景存在密切联系。4)关联的生活中社会经济地位和社会支持对老年人体育参与存在促进或阻碍作用。5)老年人体育活动参与除需关注社会和历史的因素,还应考虑到个体的性格和经历。结论未来研究不仅要重视老年期的体育活动行为干预,更应重视全生命周期中早期及重大事件发生期的体育活动参与。

Objective To enrich the research perspective of sports for the elderly in China,the method of scope review is used to review,summarize and analyze foreign related research on sports activities of the elderly.Methods Based on the framework of life course theory,relevant literature published from 2002 to 2022 was searched in three databases:Web of Science Core Collection,EBSCO and ProQuest.Results A total of 24 literature was found for inclusion in the review.1)Early physical activity experience has a promoting effect on physical activity participation in later life.2)The influence of life events on the physical activity behavior of the elderly is moderated by gender,ageand race,and the smaller the number of individual mutation life events,the higher the participation of the elderly in physical activities.3)The differences in the participation of the elderly in physical activity are closely related to the historical and cultural background.4)Socioeconomic status and social support in related life have a certain promoting/hindering effect on the participation of physical activity in the elderly.5)In addition to paying attention to social and historical factors,the participation in physical activities of the elderly group should also take into account the individual's personality and experience.Conclusion Future research should not only pay attention to the intervention of physical activity behavior in the elderly,but also pay attention to the participation of physical activity in the early stage of the whole life cycle and during the period of major events.