体育赛事转播权的属性论证与权利保护以新修订的《体育法》为视角

Attribute Argumentation and Rights Protection of Sports Event Broadcasting Rights from the Perspective of Newly Revised Sports Law

在体育赛事转播领域,关于转播权的法律性质存在争议,在司法实践领域往往体现为赛事节目是否构成《著作权法》下定义的作品。新修订的《体育法》在第52条对于转播权的保护规则进行了明确,但在转播权具体的性质定义方面却并没有给出明确的指引。基于“知识产权说”“物权说”“合同契约说”及“商品化权说”不能精准定位和解释该权利,进而导致我国体育赛事转播权保护暴露诸多问题,存在立法、司法、民众意识等领域不同程度的缺位。对此,应将体育赛事转播权纳入民事法益的范畴,并给予适度的法律保护,以在权利与利益之间寻找平衡,也确保了民事权利体系的完整性和连贯性。同时规范体育赛事转播合同、维护公共领域的利益。

In the current field of sports event broadcasting,there is controversy over the legal nature of broadcasting rights,which is often reflected in judicial practice as whether the event program constitutes a work defined under the Copyright Law.The newly revised Sports Law clarifies the protection rules for broadcasting rights in Article 52,but does not provide clear guidance on the specific nature definition of broadcasting rights.Based on the theories of"intellectual property rights""property rights""contract and contract""commercialization rights",this right cannot be accurately positioned and explained,resulting in many problems in the protection of sports event broadcasting rights in China,and there are varying degrees of deficiencies in legislation,judiciary,public awareness,and other fields.In this regard,the right to broadcast sports events should be included in the scope of civil legal interests and given appropriate legal protection to find a balance between rights and interests,and to ensure the integrity and coherence of the civil rights system.At the same time,standardize the broadcasting contracts of sports events and safeguard the interests of the public domain.