“五育并举”背景下学前教育阶段劳动教育的现状、问题及实践路径

The Present Situation Problems and Practical Path of Labor Education in Pre-school education Under the Background of Educating Five Domains Simultaneously

劳动教育是五育发展的重要组成部分,是推进学前教育五育并举发展的有效措施,是提高幼儿身体和心理健康发展的有效途径,也是促进幼儿园和小学过渡的有力抓手。研究发现,近些年我国大力推进“全面发展”“素质教育”“五育并举”等教育改革,对学前教育、劳动教育也重新开始重视和加强。然而,我国仍然存在着学前教育阶段的劳动教育观落后,幼儿的劳动意识淡薄、学前教育阶段劳动教育形式化及其价值被忽视、幼儿园劳动教育实施场地有限、教育内容单一、学前教育阶段劳动评价体系不全面、父母对幼儿劳动教育不重视等问题。解决这些问题的对策,第一是要家长转变劳动教育观念,提高思想认识;第二是要落实幼儿劳动教育,不要流于形式;第三是要改善幼儿园硬件设施,丰富劳动教育活动;第四是要调整教育评价导向,完善幼儿劳动评价体系;第五是要倡导家校社合作,共力推进劳动教育。

Labor education is an important part of the development of five education,it is an effective measure to promote the simultaneous development of preschool education,it is an effective way to improve children s physical and mental health development,and it is also a powerful starting point to promote the transition of kindergarten and primary school.This paper analyzes the current situation of labor education in the pre-school education stage under the background of“simultaneous development of five education”,and it will further seek the problems and countermeasures of labor education in the pre-school education stage.The study found that in recent years,China has vigorously promoted the“all-round development”,“quality education”,“five education simultaneously”and other educational reforms,and the emphasis on pre-school education and labor education has been strengthened.However,there are still some problems in our country,such as backward concept of labor education in preschool education stage,weak labor consciousness of children,formalization and neglect of value of labor education in preschool education stage,limited space for implementation of kindergarten labor education,single content of education,incomplete labor evaluation system in preschool education stage,and parents neglect of early childhood labor education.This paper further analyzes the causes of the problems and puts forward relevant countermeasures.Firstly,change the concept of labor education and improve the ideological understanding.Secondly,the implementation of early childhood labor education,do not become a mere formality.Thirdly,improve the hardware facilities of kindergartens and enrich labor education activities.Fourthly,improve the children s labor evaluation system,adjust the orientation of education evaluation.Fifthly,we should advocate the cooperation of family,school and community to develop labor education together.