贵州省雷山县中药资源多样性分析研究

Analysis on Diversity of Traditional Chinese Medicine Resources in Leishan County,Guizhou Province

目的:对雷山县野生中药资源开展调查研究,完成第四次全国中药资源普查任务,掌握雷山县中药资源现状。方法:通过野外样地调查和线路调查开展中药资源普查工作,查阅相关资料和文献对药用植物进行鉴定,对调查数据进行整理分析。结果:调查发现药用植物140科377属486种;被子植物占比最高,为91.36%;物种组成以单种科占比最高,为48.57%,优势科有菊科、豆科和百合科,所含种最多的为菊科,44个种;生活型以草本植物为主,为56.79%;药用部位以根和根茎类为主,全草类次之;中药资源重点品种共110种,其中样方内发现58种;国家重点保护野生药用植物18种。结论:雷山县药用植物资源具有物种丰富、类群多样、结构立体等特点,凸显高山冷凉区域植物多样性。该调查为开发和利用中药资源,丰富中药资源数据提供了依据。

Objective:This study investigated the wild Chinese medicine resources in Leishan County,and completed the fourth national survey of Chinese medicine resources to master the current situation of Chinese medicine resources in Leishan county.Methods:The traditional field survey method was used to investigate the resources of traditional Chinese medicine.The medicinal plants were identified by consulting relevant data and literature,and the survey data were analyzed.Results:486 species of medicinal plants belonging to 377 genera and 140 families were found in this survey,and angiosperms accounted for 91.17%of the total.The species composition of single family type was the highest,accounting for 48.94%.Compositae,Leguminosae and Liliaceae were the dominant families in the region.Compositae contained 44 species,which was the family with the most species.Herbaceous plants were the main life forms,accounting for 56.67%.Roots and rhizomes were the main medicinal parts,followed by whole grasses.There were 110 key varieties of traditional Chinese medicine resources,of which 58 were found in the sample.There were 18 species of wild medicinal plants under national key protection.Conclusion:The medicinal plant resources in Leishan County have the characteristics of rich species,diverse taxa and three-dimensional structure,highlighting the plant diversity in the alpine cold region.The investigation provided the basis for developing and utilizing Chinese medicine resources and enriching the data of Chinese medicine resources.