《文苑英华》选录杜诗底本溯源--以异文为中心

Tracing to the Base Texts of Du Fu’s Poems Selected from Wen Yuan Ying Hua--Centered on the Different Words

宋初官修总集《文苑英华》所选录的杜诗与通行杜集间存在诸多异文,包括字序调换、语词改易、诗句变更等。大量异文显映出其所据杜诗底本的独特性。经比勘可知,《文苑英华》与九家本、分门本、百家本等北宋诸种杜集非出同源,而二王本较特殊,王洙搜罗的文献中可能存在与《文苑英华》底本相同或近似的杜集。同时可排除蜀本杜集、樊晃《杜工部小集》、孙仅《杜甫集》、杂编杜集以及吴若本所参杜集为《文苑英华》底本的可能。若从文献编纂的过程来看,《文苑英华》编修时曾采辑前代类书,顾陶《唐诗类选》可能为其重要参本之一。《文苑英华》成书早于杜集祖本二王本,在杜诗结集过程中占据关键地位,对其底本的追索有助于寻绎早期杜集文本的原貌。

There were many different texts between Du Fu’s poems selected from Wen Yuan Ying Hua and other collections,including the changes of characters,words and verses.A large number of different words show the uniqueness of the base texts of Du Fu’s poems.Through comparison,Du Fu’s poems in Wen Yuan Ying Hua and other collections were not of the same origin,while Er Wang Ben is quite special.The documents collected by Wang Zhu may be the same or similar to the base text of Wen Yuan Ying Hua.It could be ruled out that Shu Ben Du Ji,Fan Huang’s Du Gong Bu Xiao Ji,Sun Jin’s Du Fu Ji,Za Bian Du Ji and some collections edited by Wu Ruo were the origin of Wen Yuan Ying Hua.When compiling Wen Yuan Ying Hua,literary officials once collected encyclopedias and poetry anthologies of the previous generations.And Gu Tao’s Tang Shi Lei Xuan may be one of the important base texts.Wen Yuan Ying Hua was edited earlier than Er Wang Ben,and occupied a crucial position in the process of collecting Du Fu’s poetry.The investigation of its base texts is conducive to finding out the original appearance of the Du Fu’s collection in early times.