从德里达“Déconstruction”一词的汉译看哲学术语的文化迁变

On the Cultural Transfer of Philosophical Terminology from the Chinese Translation of Derrida's"Deconstruction"

Deconstruction是法国哲学家雅克·德里达重要的哲学术语之一。该术语自20世纪80年代初被翻译到国内,先后出现了近十几个译名,还与德国哲学家马丁·海德格尔的Destruktion概念的译名纠缠不休,形成了种种“译名之争”现象。本研究基于对“Deconstruction”汉译历程的梳理,结合概念史溯源,指出“译名之争”与Deconstruction在跨文化迁移过程中发生的变形有直接关系,其中第三方媒介、译者身份、接受语境的社会文化背景和语言系统等,都是影响“Déconstruction”一词产生迁变的重要因素。从“文化迁变”的角度考察“Déconstruction”的汉译问题,或能为国内哲学术语翻译研究提供新的思考视角。

Deconstruction is one of the most important philosophical terms of the French philosopher Jacques Derrida.Since the term was translated into China in the early 1980s,there have been nearly a dozen translated names.It has also been entangled with the translation of the German philosopher Martin Heidegger's concept of Destruktion,forming a variety of"Translation Disputes"phenomenon.Based on the review of the Chinese translation of"Déconstruction"and the traceability of its conceptual history,this paper points out that the disputes is directly related to the deformation of"Déconstruction"in the process of cross-cultural transport,in which the third mediator,the translator's identity,the socio-cultural background and the linguistic system of the receiving context are all important factors affecting the transformation of"Déconstruction".Examining the Chinese translation of"Déconstruction"from the perspective of"Cultural Transfer"may provide a new perspective for the study of the philosophical terminology translation in China.