基于渐进结构优化的竹结构设计及静力试验研究

Investigation of design and static test for bamboo structure based on evolutionary structural optimization

为推动竹结构的发展,展开基于拓扑优化的竹结构设计新方法开发及相应的静力对比试验研究。首先,探讨了运用渐进结构优化指导竹结构设计的系统性方法;然后结合工程实例,选用面向承压型结构和受拉型结构进化的两种优化可行域,分别开展双车道桥梁结构优化设计并完成静力对比试验。结果表明:基于优化设计的桥梁结构与Michell型桁架结构较吻合,同体积下结构刚度显著高于经验设计构件;在正常使用状态下,承压型的拓扑拱结构刚度约为受拉型的拓扑悬索结构的3倍,但承载力相较略低。可见,基于渐进结构优化的新设计方法,可以针对不同的承载力和刚度设计要求,构建合适的优化可行域以指导设计出不同的方案,为工程竹结构提供了一种可自动化分析计算的最优化设计方法。

In order to promote the development of bamboo structures,a new design method for bamboo structures based on topology optimization is suggested and the corresponding static tests research for contrast are completed as well.First,the systematic method for guiding bamboo structure design by the light of evolutionary structural optimization was discussed.Then,combined with engineering examples,a dual-lane bridge structure was optimally designed to two kinds based on optimization feasible domains of evolving separately to pressure bearing structure and tension structure.Afterwards,the static tests research was carried out for contrast.The results show that the optimal designed bridge structures coincided with Michell-type truss structures.Their structural stiffness was significantly higher than that of empirical design members.Furthermore,the pressure bearing topological arch structures had larger stiffness about three times than the tension topological suspension structures,and yet their ultimate bearing capacity was slightly lower.Thus,the new design method based on evolutionary structural optimization can obtain different schemes by the guidance of appropriate optimization feasible domains according to different design requirements for bearing capacity and stiffness.It is so simple and practical that provides an optimal design method for engineering bamboo structure,which can be analyzed and calculated automatically.