机械通气患者并发ICU获得性衰弱的危险因素及其护理的研究进展

Risk Factors for Complicated ICU-acquired Weakness in Mechanically Ventilated Patients and Progress in Their Care

机械通气作为一种改善患者呼吸功能障碍的技术被广泛应用于重症监护室(ICU),随着机械通气时间的延长患者ICU获得性衰弱(ICU-AW)的风险也随之增加。ICU-AW早期可通过检查神经及肌肉功能来诊断,但是若患者同时存在神经及肌肉功能障碍危重疾病会增加检查难度。早期干预护理受多种ICU-AW危险因素的影响,使得临床干预的效果并不理想。因此,及时识别ICU-AW的危险因素,并实施有效的护理是临床诊疗机械通气患者并发ICU-AW的关键。该研究通过对机械通气患者ICU-AW的诊断、ICU-AW的危险因素、ICU的护理措施三个方面的国内外研究进行总结,旨在帮助ICU机械通气患者预防ICU-AW的发生。

Mechanical ventilation is widely used in intensive care unit(ICU)as a technique to improve patients'respiratory dysfunction,and the risk of ICU-acquired weakness(ICU-AW)in patients increases with the prolongation of mechanical ventilation.ICU-AW can be diagnosed early by examining neurologic and muscular function,but this can be made more difficult if the patient has both neurologic and muscular dysfunction critical illnesses.Early intervention care is influenced by multiple risk factors for ICU-AW,making clinical intervention less effective.Therefore,timely identification of ICU-AW risk factors and implementation of effective nursing care is the key to clinical diagnosis and treatment of ICU-AW in mechanically ventilated patients.This study aims to help ICU mechanically ventilated patients prevent the occurrence of ICU-AW by summarizing the domestic and international studies on three aspects:diagnosis of ICU-AW,risk factors of ICU-AW,and nursing measures in ICU in mechanically ventilated patients.