玉米小区五行分种机理分析与试验

Mechanism Analysis and Experiment of Five-row Seeding in Maize Community

为提高玉米小区五行播种机的分种均匀性,对玉米小区五行分种过程进行运动规律分析,采用离散元EDEM仿真软件,建立仿真模型;同时,以存种套筒直径、锥体角度、套筒提升速度为试验因素,以分种均匀性变异系数为试验指标,进行不同播量的三因素三水平二次正交试验,探究各个因素对玉米小区五行播种分种均匀性的影响,确定最佳参数组合。仿真试验分析表明:在播种125粒和250粒时,借助Design expert软件求得玉米小区分种过程各因素的最优参数组合,即存种套筒直径为65mm、锥体角度为48°、套筒提升速度为0.24m/s时,玉米分种均匀性变异系数R_(1)为26.93%,R_(2)为27.82%。通过对玉米小区五行分种仿真分析,进行室内台架验证试验,结果表明:玉米分种均匀性变异系数R 1为28.06%,R 2为27.90%,实际人工投种与仿真分析结果误差分别为1.13%、0.08%,仿真试验分析与实际人工投种作业效果基本符合玉米小区五行实际播种需求。

In order to improve the seed uniformity of the five-element seeder in corn plot,the motion law of five-row seeding process in corn plot was analyzed.Discrete element EDEM simulation software was used to establish simulation model.The diameter,cone angle and lifting speed of seed-storing sleeve were taken as experimental factors.The variation coefficient of uniformity was used as the test index.The three-factor and three-level quadratic orthogonal test of different sowing rates was carried out.The effects of various factors on the uniformity of five-row sowing in maize plots were investigated.Through the simulation test analysis,the best parameter combination was carried out.When 125 and 250 seeds were sown,the optimal parameter combination of each factor in the process of maize seed differentiation was obtained by Design expert software:The diameter of the seed storage sleeve was 65mm.The cone angle was 48°.The sleeve lifting speed was0.24m/s.At this time,the coefficient of variation of maize uniformity R 1 was 26.93%and R 2 was 27.82%.The indoor bench verification test was carried out through the simulation analysis of the five rows of corn plots.The results showed that the coefficient of variation R_(1)was 28.06%and R_(2)was 27.90%.The error between actual artificial seeding and simulation analysis was 1.13%and was 0.08%.It showed that the simulation test analysis and the actual artificial seeding operation effect were basically in line with the actual seeding requirements of the five rows of corn plots.