包衣柠条种子气力喷播机供种装置仿真与试验

Simulation and Test of Seed Supply Device of Coated Lemon Seed Pneumatic Spraying Machine

为解决目前喷播机供种装置不适应包衣种子的问题,结合物理与仿真试验的方法,以喷播包衣柠条种子为对象,以降低排种破碎率、提高排种均匀性为目标,设计了一种4BQD-40型喷播机螺旋式供种装置。首先,根据喷播机已确定的电机参数、最大喷播量和种子休止角度等对供种装置进行参数计算及结构设计;然后,建立3组不同参数配置的供种装置离散元仿真模型并进行排种过程仿真,根据其排种过程中种子的受力情况及排种连续性情况得到螺旋叶片直径80mm、螺旋叶片螺距60mm、螺旋轴直径28mm、排种口直径60mm为最优参数配比。在相同的工作要求下,对螺旋式与槽轮式供种装置排种过程进行离散元仿真,在相同供种量组条件下进行二者的破碎率测定,结果表明:原有槽轮式供种装置5种供种量下的破碎率依次为17.68%、14.90%、12.88%、12.45%、11.78%;相同供种量下,螺旋式供种装置的破碎率依次为2.11%、2.65%、2.91%、3.01%、3.37%,表明包衣柠条种子螺旋式供种装置排种破碎率明显降低。

In order to solve the problem that the current sprayer seed supply device is not suitable for coated seeds,this study combines the methods of physical and simulation tests to spray coated lemon strip seeds as the object,aiming at reducing the breakage rate of seed row and improving the uniformity of seed row,and designed a 4BQD-40 type sprayer spiral seed supply device.Firstly,the parameters of the seed supply device are calculated and the structure design is carried out according to the motor parameters,maximum spraying amount and seed rest angle determined by the planter.Then,three discrete element simulation models of seed supply devices with different parameter configurations are established and the seed arrangement process is simulated,and the optimal parameter ratio of spiral blade diameter of 80mm,spiral blade pitch of 60mm,spiral shaft diameter of 28mm and diameter of seed discharge port is obtained according to the force of seeds and the continuity of seed displacement during the seed displacement process.Under the same working requirements,the discrete element simulation of the seedling process of spiral and grooved wheel seed supply devices is carried out.Finally,the crushing rates of the two were measured under the same seed supply group,and the crushing rates under the five seed supply volumes of the original trough wheel seed supply device were 17.68%,14.90%,12.88%,12.45%,and 11.78%.The crushing rate of the spiral seed supply device under the same seed supply amount was 2.11%,2.65%,2.91%,3.01%and 3.37%,and the experimental results showed that the seed crushing rate of the spiral seed feeding device coated lime strip was significantly reduced.