小麦小区株行播种机犁铧式开沟器仿真分析

Simulation Analysis of Boot Type Furrow Opener for Row Planter in Wheat Plot

针对我国小区播种机开沟器存在设计不完善、适应能力差及播种深度不均匀等问题,设计了一种适用于小麦小区株行播种机的犁铧式开沟器。为探究小麦小区株行播种机犁铧式开沟器各参数对开沟过程的影响,利用离散元软件EDEM进行仿真分析,分析了挡土板长度、入土隙角和铲尖角度对开沟作业阻力和开沟深度变异系数的影响规律。通过Design Expert软件进行数据分析,获得开沟过程最优参数组合:挡土板长度75.5mm、入土隙角3°、铲尖角度20°,此时开沟器的作业阻力为184.8N,开沟深度变异系数为5.86%。土槽验证试验表明:作业阻力和开沟深度变异系数误差分别为8.77%和3.07%,且有效提高了开沟器作业性能并减少了制作成本,为小麦小区株行播种机动力选择提供了理论参考。

Aiming at the problems of imperfect design,poor adaptability and uneven sowing depth of furrow opener of plot seeder in China,a plough furrow opener suitable for wheat plot row planter was designed.In order to study the parameter influence of ploughshare opener for wheat plant-row planter on the ditching process,the discrete element software EDEM was used for simulation analysis.The objective law was analyzed that the resistance of the ditching operation and the variable coefficient of the ditching depth were influenced by the length of the retaining plate,the angle of the soil gap and the angle of the shovel tip.The optimal parameter combination of the ditching process was got from data analysis by Design Expert software.Length of the retaining plate was 75.5mm.Opener into the soil gap angle was 3°and shovel tip angle was 20°.It followed that the operating resistance of the opener was 184.8N and the coefficient of variation of the ditching depth was 5.86%.The soil trough verification test showed that the error of variation coefficient of working resistance and trenching depth were 8.77%and 3.07%.This study could effectively improve the performance of the opener and reduce the production cost.The theoretical reference for the power selection of wheat planter was provided.