共价有机框架材料及其在放射性核素铀分离中的应用进展

Advances in Covalent Organic Framework Materials and Application in Separation of Radionuclide Uranium

随着福岛核电站核废水的排放,放射性核素铀造成的水污染将成为一个全球性问题。在现有的各种分离去除铀的材料中,共价有机框架(COF)是一类新兴的多孔材料。由于具有比表面积大、稳定性高、吸附能力强、结构组成可预测、功能可控等优点,共价有机框架(COF)已成为水处理领域较为先进的分离材料之一,在分离放射性核素铀方面显示出巨大的潜力。本文综述了COF材料的合成、合成后功能化及其在分离水中放射性核素铀的应用等方面的最新进展。最后,总结和展望了COF材料面临的机遇和挑战,为设计制备用于去除放射性核素铀的COF材料提供了一些具有指导意义的信息。

With the discharge of nuclear wastewater from the Fukushima nuclear power plant,water contamination caused by the radionuclide uranium will become a global problem.Among the various existing materials for separation and removal of uranium,covalent organic frameworks(COFs)are an emerging class of porous materials.Due to the advantages of large specific surface area,high stability,strong adsorption capacity,predictable structural composition,and controllable function,covalent organic frameworks(COFs)have become one of the more advanced separation materials in the field of water treatment,and have shown great potential in the separation of the radionuclide uranium.This paper reviews the recent progress in the synthesis of COF materials,their post-synthesis functionalization and their applications in separating radionuclide uranium from water.Finally,the opportunities and challenges of COF materials are summarized and outlooked,and some guiding information is provided for the design and preparation of COF materials for the removal of radionuclide uranium.