系统理论过程分析在自动驾驶安全分析中的应用综述

A Review on Application of Systems Theoretic Process Analysis in Automated Driving Safety Analysis

安全分析是汽车开发过程的重要一环,随着自动驾驶系统复杂性提升,传统安全分析方法面临着挑战。首先,将故障树分析(FTA)、故障模式与影响分析(FMEA)、危险与可操作性分析(HAZOP)这些传统安全分析方法,与系统理论过程分析方法(STPA)进行对比,重点阐述使用STPA进行自动驾驶系统安全分析的优势。其次,详细论述了STPA在自动驾驶功能安全、预期功能安全、信息安全及人机交互系统等重要领域的应用现状。最后,从拓展STPA分析方法、加强分析与验证闭环、扩大应用范围的角度对STPA在自动驾驶领域的应用进行了展望。

Safety analysis is an integral part of the automotive development process,as the complexity of automated driving systems increases,traditional safety analysis methods are facing challenges.Firstly,the advantages and disadvantages of traditional analysis methods,such as Fault Tree Analysis(FTA),Failure Modes and Effect Analysis(FMEA),and Hazard and Operability(HAZOP),are compared with the System Theoretic Process Analysis(STPA),especially the advantages of STPA for the safety analysis of automated driving systems.Secondly,the current status of STPA applications in essential areas,such as Functional Safety,Safety of the Intended Functionality(SOTIF),Cyber Security,and Human Machine Interface(HMI),are discussed in detail.Finally,the application of STPA in automated driving is prospected from the perspectives of expanding the STPA analysis,integration of analysis and verification,and extending application areas.