基于快速石蜡采用免疫组化方法检测胃黏膜HP感染的应用分析

Application analysis of rapid paraffin based immunohistochemical method for detecting gastric mucosal HP infection

目的:比较超声快速石蜡切片法与常规石蜡切片法在胃黏膜幽门螺杆菌(HP)感染中的应用价值。方法:收集2023年1月~2024年1月期间在本院接受胃镜下胃黏膜活检的胃黏膜标本70例,每例分别取0.4×0.4×0.3 cm大小和1×1×0.2 cm大小的组织,分别使用超声快速石蜡切片法处理和常规石蜡切片法处理,比较2种石蜡切片法制作过程所用时间、诊断所用时间、HP感染阳性率及感染强度。结果:超声快速石蜡切片法检测出的HP感染阳性率为61.43%,常规石蜡切片法检测出的HP感染阳性率为57.14%,2种方法检测出的感染阳性率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);以常规石蜡切片法检测结果为标准,检测出的HP均为阳性者38例,阳性预测值为88.37%,HP均为阴性者25例,阴性预测值为92.59%,准确率为90.00%,Kappa=0.793;超声快速石蜡切片法切片制作和诊断时间均短于常规石蜡切片法(P<0.05)。结论:超声快速石蜡切片检测胃黏膜HP感染的准确性、一致性好,且有利于提高胃黏膜HP感染检测的时效性,值得临床应用和推广。

Objective:To compare the application value of ultrasound rapid paraffin sectioning method and conventional paraffin sectioning method in the diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori(HP)infection in gastric mucosa.Methods:A total of 70 gastric mucosal specimens were collected from January 2023 to January 2024 at our hospital who underwent gastric mucosal biopsy under gastroscopy.Tissue samples of 0.4 x 0.4 x 0.3cm and 1 x 1 x 0.2cm in size were taken from each sample,and were processed using ultrasound rapid paraffin sectioning and conventional paraffin sectioning methods,respectively.The production process,diagnostic time,HP infection positivity rate,and infection intensity of the two paraffin sectioning methods were compared.Results:The positive rate of HP infection detected by ultrasound rapid paraffin section method was 61.43%,while the positive rate detected by conventional paraffin section method was 57.14%.There was no statistically significant difference in the positive rates detected by the two methods(P>0.05);Using the conventional paraffin section method as the standard,38 cases of HP were detected as positive,with a positive predictive value of 88.37%,and 25 cases as negative.The negative predictive value was 92.59%,with an accuracy of 90.00% and Kappa=0.793;The production and diagnostic time of ultrasound rapid paraffin section method were shorter than that of conventional paraffin section method(P<0.05).Conclusion:Ultrasound rapid paraffin section detection of gastric mucosal HP infection has good accuracy and consistency,and is conducive to improving the timeliness of gastric mucosal HP infection detection,which is worthy of clinical application and promotion.