昼夜节律紊乱与阿尔兹海默病的关系研究进展

Research progress on the relationship between circadian rhythm disturbance and Alzheimer’s disease

阿尔兹海默病(Alzheimer’s disease,AD)是一种常见的神经退行性疾病,其病理特征包括β淀粉样蛋白(β-amyloid,Aβ)沉积、神经元死亡和认知能力下降等。近年来,越来越多的研究表明,生物钟或昼夜节律紊乱与AD的发生和发展密切相关。25-40%的AD患者同时伴有不同程度的昼夜节律紊乱症状,出现夜间睡眠片段化、白天小睡增加等症状。研究结果表明,AD与节律紊乱可通过Aβ的生成和清除,神经元的损伤和死亡,tau蛋白磷酸化导致的神经纤维缠结、免疫激活导致的炎症反应以及褪黑素和GSK-3β等共同途径来相互作用与影响。本文综述了近年来关于昼夜节律紊乱与AD双边关系的研究进展,并总结了目前针对昼夜节律紊乱与AD的治疗方法。

Alzheimer’s disease(AD)is a common neurodegenerative disease.Its pathological features includeβ-amyloid(Aβ)deposition,neuronal death and cognitive decline.In recent years,more and more studies have shown that biological species or circadian rhythm disturbance is closely related to the occurrence and development of AD.25%to 40%of AD patients are accompanied by different degrees of recent rhythm disturbance sleep fragmentation at night,increased daytime napping and other symptoms.The results show that AD and rhythm disturbance can interact and influence through the common pathway,like the generation and clearance of Aβ,neuronal damage and death of neurons,neurofibrillary tangles caused by tau phosphorylation,inflammatory response caused by immune activation,melatonin and GSK-3β.Here,the recent research progress on the bilateral relationship between circadian rhythm disturbance and AD is reviewed,and current treatments for circadian rhythm disturbance and AD are summarized.