大庆油田地球物理勘探技术现状及发展方向

Current situation and development direction of geophysical exploration technology in Daqing Oilfield

大庆油田地球物理勘探技术(简称为物探技术)以高效支撑油田勘探开发为宗旨,通过引进吸收和自主创新相结合的方式快速发展。针对各领域勘探开发的需求,已形成适用配套的地震资料采集、处理和解释技术系列,并自主创新研发了具有国际先进水平的黏弹性叠前偏移技术和薄互层波阻抗直接反演技术,有力支撑了大庆油田各领域油气勘探开发,为油田“稳油增气”作出了积极贡献。但随着油田勘探开发持续向非常规油气藏、复杂油气藏、深部油气藏等领域延伸,勘探开发对象日趋复杂,对物探技术的支撑能力提出了新的挑战。围绕当前大庆油田主要勘探开发领域,在梳理技术现状的基础上,详细分析了松辽盆地北部、海拉尔-外围盆地、四川盆地矿权流转区、塔里木盆地塔东区块在常规油、致密碎屑岩油气藏、页岩油、火山岩气藏、碳酸盐岩油气藏等领域面临的地质难题,厘清物探技术需求和差距,提出了未来在推广完善成熟技术、创新研发核心技术、加快构建大数据平台、探索储备新能源物探技术等方面的发展方向,以促进大庆油田物探技术的持续快速进步,为大庆油田高质量发展再作新贡献。

Aiming to efficiently support oilfield exploration and development,geophysical technology in Daqing Oilfield has rapidly advanced through combination of adopting external technology and self-independent innovation.In view of exploration and development requirements in various fields,at present,a series of appropriately supporting seismic data acquisition,processing and interpretation technologies have been developed,and internationally advanced viscoelastic pre-stack migration technology and wave impedance direct inversion technology for thin interbeds have been innovatively developed,significantly supporting oil and gas exploration and development in various fields of Daqing Oilfield,with positive contributions to“stabilizing oil production and increasing gas production”.However,with exploration and development continuously extending to unconventional reservoirs,complex reservoirs and deep reservoirs,exploration and development targets are becoming increasingly complex,causing new challenges to supporting capability of geophysical exploration technology.Focusing on main exploration and development fields of Daqing Oilfield and based on summarization of current technology status,geological challenges are analyzed for northern Songliao Basin,Hailar-peripheral basin and mining rights transferred areas of Sichuan Basin,and for conventional oil,tight clastic rock reservoirs,shale oil,volcanic gas reservoirs and carbonate reservoirs in Tadong block in Tarim Basin.Geophysical technological requirements are determined,current technological gaps are recognized,and future development directions are proposed including promoting and improving mature technology,innovating core technology development,accelerating big data platform construction and exploring and reserving new-energy geophysical technologies.These efforts aim to facilitate continuous rapid progress of geophysical technology and make new contributions to high-quality development of Daqing Oilfield.