中国古代哲学的“成人”之道

The Way of“Achieving Ideal Personality”in the Ancient Chinese Philosophy

“成人”之道是中国古代哲学的价值取向,可分为五个环节:心性基础、主体力量、修养工夫、处世方略、理想人格。心性基础、理想人格分别处于起讫位置,主体力量、修养工夫、处世方略是功能依次展开的中间环节。道、儒两家的“君子”人格在中国古代社会影响广泛。由于中国古代哲学的谱系较多,“成人”之道可从道、儒、释三家哲学的共同点上来考察。今天,我们应立足于已体现为我们的时代精神的民族精神,去反思中国古代哲学的“成人”之道,从中汲取精神文明发展的中国古代哲学动力。

The path to“achieving ideal personality”is a value orientation in ancient Chinese philosophy,which can be divided into five stages:foundational nature and temperament,individual strength,self-cultivation,strategies for dealing with the world,and the ideal personality.Foundational nature and temperament,along with the ideal personality,respectively occupy the starting and ending positions,while individual strength,self-cultivation,and strategies for dealing with the world are the sequentially unfolding functional stages in between.The“gentleman”persona of both Daoist and Confucian traditions had a widespread influence in ancient Chinese society.Given the diverse lineages of ancient Chinese philosophy,the path to“achieving ideal personality”can be examined from the commonalities among the Daoist,Confucian,and Buddhist philosophies.Today,we should base ourselves on the national spirit that has become the spirit of our era,to reflect on the ancient Chinese philosophical path to becoming a“fully realized person,”and draw from it the dynamism for the development of spiritual civilization from ancient Chinese philosophy.