港口物流与区域经济协同发展研究——以京津冀地区为例

Research on Coordinated Development of Port Logistics and Regional Economy:Taking Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Region as Example

港口物流与区域经济两者之间存在着一系列相互影响、相互作用的互动关系,研究两者的协同发展关系对于促进经济发展具有重要意义。以京津冀地区内的港口为研究对象,首先分析了国内外对港口物流与区域经济两者之间互动关系的经验和相关理论基础;其次利用灰色关联模型筛选出四大港口物流和区域经济的表征指标,构建复合系统协同度模型,对2004-2021年京津冀四大港口物流与区域经济之间的协同度进行定量分析;最后,提出促进京津冀港口物流与区域经济协同发展的对策建议。

In the context of the new era,it is imperative to explore the coordinated development between port logistics and regional economy in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region.There are four ports located in the region,namely Tianjin Port,Qinhuangdao Port,Tangshan Port and Huanghua Port,which,despite rap-id development in recent years,still have a few problems to solve.In terms of port logistics,such problems in-clude weak specialized supporting facilities,homogeneous port type and functionality,lack of overall compe-tition awareness and insufficient motivation for urban support for port development,etc.;while in terms of regional economy,they include shortfall from the requirements of the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei coordinated development strategy,since,as independent administrative regions,Beijing,Tianjin and Hebei all have local development for their aim in policy formulation and resource allocation,and rarely consider coordination with other regions;moreover,the industrial structures of the three regions are relatively similar,and regional industrial homogeneity will cause waste of resources.After comprehensively considering relevant factors,port capacity,port scale and environmental pollution level are selected as indicators to measure the development level of port logistics,while regional economic volume,regional economic structure and regional economic development are selected as indicators to mea-sure regional economy.Based on the synergy theory and grey system theory,we obtained the correlation ma-trix of each port subsystem;by aggregating the efficacy function of the indicators,we calculated the contribu-tion of each ordinal variable to the subsystem,and used the weighted summation method to calculate the contribution of each subsystem to the overall system;and then we determined the weight of the ordinal vari-ables by the objective weighting method and constructed the composite system synergy model.In an empirical research,using data for the 2004-2021 period,we assessed the coordinated development evaluation model with the help of MATLAB and Microsoft Excel 2010,and analyzed the coordinated devel-opment status of port logistics and regional economy in the region,including the coordinated development of port logistics and regional economy of individual ports and the overall coordinated development of port logistics and regional economy of the four ports.Finally,the following suggestions were put forward:1)Tianjin Port should increase investment in port hardware and software facilities and surrounding supporting industries,build a modern international shipping hub based on the core advantages of strategic port resources,and promote the economic development of the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region;2)Tangshan Port still needs to improve its specialization level,strengthen port infrastructure construction,and further improve modern logistics functions;3)Qinhuangdao Port should change its monotonous transportation mode,develop containerized transportation,strengthen the correlation between related industries,and expand foreign trade business;4)Huanghua Port should trans-form into a multifunctional comprehensive port,accelerate port infrastructure construction,open up contain-erized foreign trade routes,improve its port collection and distribution system,and initiate the construction of port-adjacent industrial parks;5)The four ports in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region should,from the perspective of regional integration,make unified planning and deployment for the coordinated development of port logistics and regional economy,formulate a long-term regional logistics development program,and realize the synchronous development of regional logistics and regional economy at the macro level.