中国冰球竞技后备人才培养的现实困境与纾解方略

The Realistic Dilemmas and Mitigation Strategies of Cultivating Competitive Ice Hockey Reserve Talents in China

基于建设中国式现代化体育强国的历史方位,后备人才已成为我国冰球运动高质量发展的重要支撑。采用文献资料、逻辑分析等研究方法发现在现阶段我国冰球竞技后备人才培养过程中,存在冰球人才社会储备不足,制约后备力量培养规模;“一体化”人才培养体系不畅,“多元化”模式融合壁垒凸显;体校传统优势逐步淡化,培养主体功能日益弱化;科智赋能训练要素不足,教练执教能力亟待提升;冰球竞赛体系搭建不畅,协会主体存在治理缺位的发展困境。研究得出纾解方略:加快冰球项目推广普及,形成多元投入培养机制;新型举国体制统筹多元模式,精准化理念融入培养全过程;深化体校教学服务改革,实施运动员全周期教育;多方协同完善科技保障,培养“大师级”冰球教练员;释放冰球协会治理动能,发挥赛事培育杠杆功效。

Based on the historical orientation of building China’s modern sports power,reserve talent has become an important support for the high-quality development of ice hockey in our country.By using the methods of literature and logical analysis,it is found that in the cultivation process of ice hockey reserve talents in China at this stage,there are many development dilemmas including insufficient social reserves of ice hockey talents,restricting the cultivation scale of reserve forces,the“integration”talent cultivation system is not smooth,the“diversified”mode integration barriers are prominent,the traditional advantages of sports schools are gradually weakening,the main function of cultivation is weakening,the elements of science and intelligence empowers training are insufficient,the coaching ability of the coach needs to be improved,the ice hockey competition system is not built smoothly,and the main body of the association has a lack of governance.The mitigation strategies studied include that accelerate the popularization of ice hockey events and form a multi-input cultivation mechanism;The new nationwide system plans multiple models and integrates precision concepts into the whole process of training;Deepen the reform of sports school teaching service and implement the whole-cycle education of athletes;Multi-party cooperation to improve scientific and technological support,cultivate“master”ice hockey coaches;Release the kinetic energy of the hockey association’s governance and give full play to the leverage effect of the game’s cultivation.