河南省9~22岁大、中、小学生不同睡眠指标与近视的关系

Relationship between different sleep indicators and myopia in 9 to 22 years old students at different stages of learning in Henan Province

目的:了解河南省学生近视现状及相关因素,分析睡眠与近视的关系,为学生近视防控提供科学依据。方法:以参加“2019年全国学生体质与健康调研”的河南省4个城市的15174名学生作为研究对象,使用5 m标准视力表检查裸眼视力,并在非睫状肌麻痹下进行电脑验光,采用问卷调查收集一般人口学特征及学生睡眠情况、使用电子产品时间、做作业时间等。结果:在小学生、初中生中,周末晚睡可能增加近视的风险[OR(95%CI)为1.278(1.010~1.618)和1.464(1.109~1.932)];在初中生、高中生中,较长的午睡时间可能降低近视的风险[OR(95%CI)为0.764(0.618~0.944)和0.667(0.505~0.881)];在初中生、大学生中,较大的社会时差可能降低近视的风险[OR(95%CI)为0.772(0.607~0.982)和0.511(0.292~0.893)]。结论:周末晚睡、较短的午睡时间和较小的社会时差可增加青少年近视风险。

Aim:To understand the myopia status and related factors among students in Henan Province,analyze the relationship between sleep and myopia,and provide scientific basis for the prevention and control of myopia.Methods:A total of 15174 students from 4 cities in Henan Province who participated in the 2019 National Survey on Student Physical Fitness and Health were chosen as study subjects.A 5 meters standard visual acuity chart was used to check the naked eye vision.Computer optometry was performed without cycloplegic.Questionnaires were used to collect general demographic characteristics and students′sleep status,duration of using electronic products,and duration of homework.Results:Sleeping late at weekends increased the risk of myopia in primary and middle students[OR(95%CI)was 1.278(1.010-1.618)and 1.464(1.109-1.932)];in junior and senior high school students,longer nap time reduced the risk of myopia[OR(95%CI)was 0.764(0.618-0.944)and 0.667(0.505-0.881)];in junior school and college students,greater social jet lag decreased the risk of myopia[OR(95%CI)was 0.772(0.607-0.982)and 0.511(0.292-0.893)].Conclusion:Sleeping late at weekends,short nap time and small social jet lag could increase the risk of adolescent myopia.