基于ABC-X模型的珠海市医务人员职业倦怠水平及影响因素研究

Study on the Level of Burnout and Influencing Factors of Medical Personnel in Zhuhai Based on the ABC-X Model

目的:在ABC-X模型指引下探讨珠海市医护人员发生职业倦怠情况及影响因素,为减轻其职业倦怠感提供依据。方法:于2023年3月-2023年6月对珠海市各级医务人员职业倦怠状况展开横断面问卷调查。利用简式倦怠量表(Burnout Measure-short version,BMS)评价职业倦怠水平,采用Kruskal-Wallis H秩和检验和多元Logistic回归分析模型分析珠海市医务人员职业倦怠水平的影响因素。结果:收回有效问卷2127份,问卷回收率92.29%;珠海市医务人员在收入和慢性疾病方面总体分布比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。回归分析结果显示,有慢性疾病(OR=1.310,95%CI:1.004,1.709)、锻炼减少(OR=1.331,95%CI:1.007,1.759)和工作环境为临床科室(OR=1.333,95%CI:1.007,1.759)是发生职业倦怠的危险因素。结论:珠海市医护人员职业倦怠呈现较高水平,影响倦怠的因素涵盖了危险因素、资源配置及认知三个维度。建议医院管理部门优化医护人员工作环境、实施系统化的培训并提供支持、为医护人员制定全面的健康计划,从而缓解珠海市医护人员职业倦怠。

Objective:This study aims to investigate the occurrence and influencing factors of occupational burnout among medical staff in Zhuhai City under the guidance of the ABC-X model,providing a basis for alleviating their burnout.Methods:A cross-sectional survey using questionnaires was conducted from March to June 2023 among medical personnel at various levels in Zhuhai City.The Burnout Measure-short version(BMS)was utilized to assess the level of occupational burnout,while the Kruskal-Wallis H test and multivariate Logistic regression analysis were employed to analyze the factors influencing the burnout levels among Zhuhai's medical staff.Results:A total of 2,127 valid questionnaires were retrieved,with a response rate of 92.29%.There were statistically significant differences(P<0.05)in the overall distribution of income and chronic diseases among medical personnel in Zhuhai City.Regression analysis revealed that having a chronic disease(OR=1.310,95%CI:1.004,1.709),reduced physical exercise(OR=1.331,95%CI:1.007,1.759),and working in a clinical department(OR=1.333,95%CI:1.007,1.759)were risk factors for occupational burnout.Conclusion:Medical staff in Zhuhai City exhibit a high level of occupational burnout.Factors affecting burnout encompass three dimensions:risk factors,resource allocation,and cognition.It is recommended that hospital management departments optimize the work environment for medical personnel,implement systematic training and support,and develop a comprehensive health plan for them to alleviate occupational burnout among medical staff in Zhuhai City.