赛艇运动员肋骨应力损伤机制、风险因素及 防治研究

Research on the Mechanism,Risk Factors and Prevention of Rib Stress Injury in Rowers

肋骨应力损伤(rib stress injury,RSI)是赛艇运动员报道最多、训练时间损失较长的伤病类型。围绕病因机制、风险因素及防治措施3个方面进行回顾与梳理,发现RSI与运动员躯干、四肢和肌肉骨骼的划桨生物力学存在关联,并提出涉及前锯肌、腹外斜肌和肩关节牵开器作用的可能损伤机制。致伤病因的关键风险因素包括:内在因素(低骨密度、性别)、外在因素(训练负荷和运动水平、划桨技术、设备类型等)和其他可能性成因。基于此,提出针对性的风险预防及管理策略,并对已有损伤症状进行诊断决策和治疗康复。

Rib stress injury(RSI)is the most reported type of injury in rowers with long training time loss.This study reviews and combs the three aspects of etiological mechanism,risk factors and prevention and treatment measures.The study found that RSI is related to the rowing biomechanics of athletes’trunk,limbs and musculoskeletal,and proposed possible damage mechanism involving the role of serratus anterior,external oblique and shoulder joint retractor.The key risk factors for the cause of injury include:internal factors(low bone density,gender),external factors(training load and exercise level,rowing technique,type of equipment,etc.)and other possible causes.Based on this,targeted risk prevention and management strategies are proposed,and diagnosis,treatment and rehabilitation of existing injury symptoms are carried out.