基于传递路径影响消除的滚动轴承故障特征增强

Fault Feature Enhancement of Rolling Element Bearing Based on the Elimination of Transmission Path

受到复杂传递路径的影响,滚动轴承故障产生的周期性冲击成分常被强背景噪声所淹没,进而给故障特征的有效提取带来极大难度。对此,研究了一种基于传递路径影响消除的滚动轴承故障特征增强方法。首先,分析了激励信号、传递函数和响应信号之间的关系,提出一种基于趋势线的传递路径影响消除方法,提高了故障特征成分占比;其次,利用频谱编辑方法,在保证趋势线提取准确性的同时,抑制信号中谐波成分的干扰,进一步突出了信号中的故障特征;最终借助包络分析处理特征增强后的信号,在频域范围内实现滚动轴承故障特征的准确提取。借助仿真和实测信号对方法的有效性进行验证,结果表明,该方法能够消除复杂传递路径的影响,有效增强滚动轴承故障特征,验证了方法的可行性。

The periodic impact components generated by bearing defects are often weak and submerged by strong background noise due to the influence of complex transmission path,which brings great challenge for the effective fault signature extraction.Hence,a new fault feature enhancement technique based on the transmission path's influence elimination is constructed.Firstly,the relationship among transfer function,exciting and response signal is analyzed,a trend-line based transmission path elimination technique is proposed.Secondly,spectrum editing method is employed to both ensure the accuracy of trend-line's calculation and suppress the existence of harmonic components.Finally,envelope analysis is utilized and the fault signatures of bearing can be detected.This technique is demonstrated using both simulation and experimental signals,results indicate that the fault features are successfully enhanced using the method and the effect of transmission path is eliminated.