中国当代文学的“乡村政治人”形象塑造——兼论对现代文学形象的承续

On Creating the Image of“Village Politician”in Chinese Contemporary Literature:A Discussion on Inheritance of Images in Modern Literature

20世纪初至今的100多年间,“乡村政治人”形象的建构在不同文学时期经历了不同的流变。从清末乡绅形象的“社会名流”化,到五四新文化运动时期的迂腐、守旧乡绅形象,再到左翼文学作品中地主恶霸式的劣绅形象,无不烙上了鲜明的时代印记。当代文学作品中的“乡村政治人”形象呈现出多元价值取向,既有所保留地取法现代文学,又有着质的飞跃,出现了“人民公仆”式的村干部、新时期的乡村政治强人以及爱国爱乡的新乡贤等新“乡村政治人”形象。

For more than 100 years from the beginning of the 20th century to the present,the image of“village politician”has gone through several stages of evolution in different literary periods.Stamped with marks of the times,the“village politicians”who were once called country gentlemen were regarded as social celebrities in the late Qing dynasty,as people being hidebound during the May Fourth Movement in 1919,and as despotic landlords in the left wing literary works.In the contemporary literature,the“village politicians”present diversified value orientations,which not only follow the examples of modern literature to a certain extent,but also achieve a substantive leap by having created new style images,such as village officials who serve as the people’s public servants,capable village politicians of the new era,and new village elites who express devotion to and provide vigorous support for the nation and hometowns.