生殖道沙眼衣原体的感染流行特征及空间聚集性分析:基于2014—2023年广州市海珠区数据

Epidemiology and spatial clustering of genital Chlamydial infection:Based on data from Haizhu district of Guangzhou from 2014 to 2023

目的 了解广州市海珠区生殖道沙眼衣原体感染的流行特征,为制定干预措施提供参考依据。方法 通过“中国疾病预防控制信息系统传染病监测报告管理”模块收集2014—2023年广州市海珠区生殖道沙眼衣原体感染疫情数据,进行流行病学和空间聚集性分析。结果 广州市海珠区生殖道沙眼衣原体感染报告发病率从2014年的90.02/10万下降到2023年的51.55/10万,年均发病率下降6.01%,呈缓慢下降趋势(Z=-11.44,P<0.001);男性报告发病率略平稳,女性报告发病率呈下降趋势(Z=-13.38,P<0.001);发病年龄主要集中在20~39岁人群(占82.48%);职业以家务及待业、商业服务人员、职业不详为主。2017、2019—2023年报告病例数存在正向空间自相关性(均Moran′s I指数>0,Z>1.960,P<0.05),其中空间聚集程度2020年最高,2017年最低;“高-高”聚集区域主要集中在赤岗街道和凤阳街道;“低-高”聚集区域为琶洲街道。结论 2014—2023年广州市海珠区生殖道沙眼衣原体感染发病率呈缓慢下降趋势,在人群和空间分布上有显著聚集性,需加强重点人群的防治工作,控制疫情流行。

Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of genital Chlamydial infection in Haizhu district of Guangzhou from 2014 to 2023,and to provide a rationale for the development of intervention measures.Methods The epidemic data of genital Chlamydial infection in Haizhu district of Guangzhou from 2014 to 2023 were obtained from the infectious disease surveillance module of Chinese Disease Prevention and Control Information System.Descriptive epidemiological methods and spatial clustering analysis were used in this study.Results The reported incidence rate of genital Chlamydial infection in Haizhu district of Guangzhou decreased from 90.02/100,000 in 2014 to 51.55/100,000 in 2023,with an average annual decrease of 6.01%(Z=-11.44,P<0.001).The reported incidence rates were stable in males and a tendency of decrease in females(Z=-13.38,P<0.001).The highest incidence was in the age group of 20-39 years,accounting for 82.48%.Majority of the patients were household workers,unemployed,commercial service personnel,and unknown occupations.A positive correlation in the number of reported cases was observed in 2017,2019 to 2022(all Moran′s I index>0,Z>1.960,P<0.05),among which the highest spatial clustering was found in 2020 and the lowest in 2017.The"high-high"clustering areas were mainly in Chigang Street and Fengyang Street,consistent with the cumulative distribution of reported cases.The"low-high"clustering area was Pazhou Street.Conclusions The incidence of genital Chlamydial infection in Haizhu district of Guangzhou displays a downward trend from 2014 to 2023,but there is significant clustering in population and spatial distribution.Thus,it is necessary to strengthen the prevention and treatment program for key populations in order to control the prevalence of genital Chlamydial infection.