“双碳”背景下日本低碳住房与建筑的发展经验与启示

Experience and Insights on the Development of Low Carbon Housing and Buildings in Japan in the Context of Dual Carbon

日本住房和建筑的能源消耗占最终能源消耗的30%以上。为实现“碳中和”,提高房屋和建筑物的能源效率和实现脱碳化至关重要。本文通过回顾日本住房和建筑行业的发展概况发现,日本住房和建筑在20世纪80年代以后开始不断融入“节能”“可持续发展”等理念,且逐步向低碳住房和建筑转型,但并未将其纳入脱碳化碳的整体评价体系之中。在“双碳”目标的驱动下,日本政府开始对低碳住房和建筑行业进行了更具体的规划和要求,其一系列举措或对我国实现“双碳”目标具有现实的借鉴意义。

Energy consumption of housing and buildings in Japan accounts for more than 30%of final energy consumption.In order to achieve carbon neutrality,how to improve energy efficiency and decarbonize houses and buildings is an urgent issue in Japan.Based on this,this report reviews the development of the housing and building industry in Japan and finds that although housing and buildings in Japan have been integrated with the concepts of"energy conservation"and"sustainable development"since the 1980s and 1990s,and have been gradually transformed into low-carbon housing and buildings.However,they were not included in the overall evaluation system of decarbonization.For this reason,the Japanese government has started to make more specific plans and requirements for the low-carbon housing and construction industry,which is of practical significance for China to achieve the dual-carbon goal.