我国大型质谱仪器发展现状与展望

Development status and prospects of large mass spectrometry instruments in China

质谱仪器是基础研究领域不可或缺的分析工具,目前,我国科学研究持续高质量发展,但质谱仪器自主研发生产水平较低,这种供给现状形成的结构性矛盾日渐凸显。该文首先梳理了质谱仪器技术发展和我国质谱仪器产业格局;然后结合高校院所质谱仪器使用现状,分析了我国质谱技术与产业发展的困境;最后提出保持政策支持力度、加强示范应用顶层设计、推动良好产业生态的完善、促进科研端与产业端协同发力等对策建议,以期加速国产质谱技术的迭代升级,提高国产化替代水平和应用规模。

[Significance]Mass spectrometry instruments are indispensable tools in basic and scientific breakthroughs,playing a critical role in technological innovation.In China,the demand for these instruments is rapidly increasing,supported by substantial financial investment.Currently,universities and research institutes possess more than 10,000 large-scale mass spectroscopy instruments,each costing over 500,000 yuan,considerably contributing to the advancement of high-quality scientific research.At the same time,there is a growing structural contradiction between the surging market demand for mass spectrometry instruments and the limited supply of independent research and production.It is crucial to systematically study the development,distribution,and industrial pattern of mass spectrometry technology to understand the overall progress of mass spectroscopy instruments in China.[Progress]In recent years,notable research has focused on various types of mass spectrometry instruments,including the technical progress in high-end models such as FT-ICR,SIMS,CYTOF,Q-TOF,ICP-MS and TOF-TOF.These studies highlight China’s ability to support scientific research and innovation through mass spectroscopy.Universities and research institutes are dedicating more resources to the research,development,and innovation of these instruments,achieving breakthroughs in key areas such as linear ion trap mass analyzers and ion sources.In 2015,China led the world with its technology of PCB ion traps and ion trap arrays,reaching international standards in quadrupole ion trap performance.From 2011 to 2019,new technologies for high-precision isotope abundance analysis using TOF-SIMS were developed,resulting in the TOF-SIMS-SI and TOF-SIMS-REE instruments for stable isotope and rare-earth element analyses.The emergence of manufacturers engaged in the production of mass spectrometry products flourished.However,challenges remain in researching and developing core key technologies and components.Key elements such as vacuum systems,photomultipliers,high-precision mass analyzers,and special precision sensors have yet to be fully developed.There is still a product gap in the field of high-end quality analyzers.[Conclusions and Prospects]China’s process of independent research and development of mass spectrometry instruments is long and difficult,especially for high-end products.In the field of technology,domestic manufacturers often lack scientific research capabilities and industrialization experience and hold fewer core technology patents.At the market level,domestic users heavily rely on imported instruments,leading to low acceptance of domestic high-end scientific instruments.The construction of the industrial ecological system is not perfect.Key links in parts processing and manufacturing are underdeveloped,delaying the transformation and implementation of scientific research results.In terms of talents,there is a lack of multidisciplinary professionals,and collaboration across different academic principles is insufficient.To achieve high-quality and rapid development of mass spectrometry instruments in China,several strategies should be adopted.First,stable policy support and financial support should be maintained to give enterprises the time needed to polish their products.Second,the purchase of domestic high-end instruments should be encouraged to promote the improvement of these instruments through application and enhance the popularity of domestic instruments and meters.Third,policy tools and management strategies should be leveraged to build the industrial ecology.This includes focusing on the ecological chain of instrument development and expanding the connection channel between scientific research and industry.Moreover,improving the“production,education,research,and application”development system of high-end mass spectrometry instruments is also crucial.These steps will foster a thriving environment for the development of mass spectrometry instruments,accelerate the iterative upgrading of domestic high-end mass spectrometry technology,and improve the level of localization substitution and application scale.