白云鄂博矿区土壤中添加微生态制剂对射干生长与生理的影响

Effect of Adding Microecological Agents to the Soil on the Growth and Physiology of Belamcanda chinensis in Bayan Obo Mining District

本研究采用盆栽试验法,以射干幼苗为试验材料,探讨了白云鄂博矿区土壤中添加不同体积分数微生态制剂对射干生长及生理特性的影响,旨在为矿区生态修复提供科学的理论支撑。试验结果表明:随着土壤中施加微生态制剂体积分数的升高,射干的株高、叶片数、叶宽、生物量、光合作用能力、根系活力等均明显提高,同时叶片渗透调节物质积累明显增加,丙二醛含量及相对电导率有所下降,抗氧化酶活性明显提高,表明微生态制剂能够改善植物的生理状态,增强其抗逆性。然而,单独施加土壤修复剂和有机肥,以及在此基础上进一步施加2%的微生态制剂,对射干的生长及生理特性影响均较小。因此,结合实际应用中的经济成本问题,建议在矿区施用微生态制剂的体积分数应控制在3%~5%范围内,实现生态恢复的同时兼顾经济效益。

By employing the pot experiment method,and using the Belamcanda chinensis seedlings as the experimental material,this paper investigated the effects of adding dfferent concentrations of microbial inoculants to the soil on the growth and physiological characteristics of Belamcanda chinensis in the Bayan Obo mining district.The objective was to provide scientific theoretical supports for the ecological restoration in mining areas.The experimental results showed that,with the increasing of the concentration of microbial inoculants applied to the soil,there were significant improvements in the height,leaf number,leaf width,biomass,photosynthetic capacity,and root vitality of Belamcanda chinensis.Simultaneously,there was a notable increase in the accumulation of osmoregulatory substances in the leaves,a decrease in the malondialdehyde content and relative electrical conductivity,and a marked enhancement in the antioxidant enzyme activity.These findings indicated that microbial inoculants could improve the physiological status of plants and enhance their stress resistance.However,the application of soil amendments and organic fertilizers alone,as well as their com-bined application with a further 2%concentration of microbial inoculants,had minimal impacts on the growth and physiological char-acteristics of Belamcanda chinensis.Therefore,considering the economic cost issues in practical applications,it was recommended that in mining areas,the application concentration of microbial inoculants should be controlled from 3%to 5%,so that to achieve ecological restoration while taking economic benefits into account.