中国城市地下空间开发利用助力低碳发展现状、策略与构想

Current Situation,Strategy,and Conception for Exploiting and Using Urban Underground Spaces for Low-Carbon Development in China

中国城市地下空间资源丰富,具有广阔的开发前景,对地下空间的开发利用能够提高资源利用率、缓解交通堵塞并增加城市绿化面积,破解城市低碳发展难题。首先,总结城市地下空间开发利用的现状,基于低碳设计、建造与运维以及可再生能源利用与地下储能2方面,对地下空间开发利用的低碳技术研究与应用进行调研;其次,指出城市地下空间开发利用低碳化发展面临的规划与建设统筹协调不足、施工建造相对粗放、运维管理理念落后等问题;然后,从促进城市地下空间综合化一体化低碳开发利用、完善城市地下空间低碳开发政策法规与管理体系、加强城市地下空间低碳技术研发应用等角度提出低碳化发展对策建议;最后,提出“零碳地下城”构想,包括地下综合体、地下综合管廊和地铁等地下基础设施,并引入光伏发电系统、地下储能系统和地热能系统等能源系统,在减碳的基础上集成负碳技术,促进地下空间工程经济效益、环境效益与社会效益的提升,助力“双碳”目标的实现。

Chinese urban underground spaces are rich in resources and offer significant development potential.The exploitation and utilization of these spaces can enhance resource utilization efficiency,ease traffic congestion,and increase urban green spaces,thereby addressing the challenges associated with low-carbon urban development.First,the state of low-carbon development in urban underground spaces is reviewed.Furthermore,the research and implementation of low-carbon technologies in the development and utilization of underground spaces are examined,focusing on the design,construction,operational strategies,use of renewable energy resources,and underground stored energy.Second,challenges encountered in the low-carbon development of urban underground spaces,such as inadequate planning and construction coordination,relatively extensive construction practices,and outdated concepts in operation and maintenance management,are identified.Third,various strategies and suggestions for low-carbon development are proposed,including promoting integrated low-carbon development and utilization;enhancing policies,regulations,and management systems of low-carbon development;and strengthening research and application of low-carbon technologies in urban underground spaces.Finally,the concept of a"zero-carbon underground city"is introduced,including underground infrastructures of complexes,utility tunnels,metro systems,and energy systems for photovoltaic power generation,energy storage,thermal energy,and carbon reduction or even negative carbon.These initiatives will enhance the economic,environmental,and social advantages of underground space exploitation and utilization,thus realizing Carbon Peaking and Neutralization Policy.