高龄经产妇再次妊娠患妊娠期糖尿病的危险因素分析

Analysis of risk factors for gestational diabetes mellitus in elderly multiparous women during subsequent pregnancies

目的:分析高龄经产妇再次妊娠时患妊娠期糖尿病的危险因素。方法:选取2022年1月—2023年10月在聊城市东昌府区妇幼保健院进行产检的212例高龄经产妇进行回顾性分析,统计妊娠期糖尿病发生情况,并将发生妊娠期糖尿病的产妇纳入观察组,未发生妊娠期糖尿病的产妇纳入对照组。经单因素分析,对高龄经产妇再次妊娠时妊娠期糖尿病发生的影响因素进行Logistic回归分析。结果:选取的212例高龄经产妇中,筛查发现妊娠期糖尿病28例,发生率为13.21%。观察组孕期体重增加值、年龄、有糖尿病家族史、饮食不规律、睡眠质量、高能量饮食者占比与对照组比较,差异有统计意义(P<0.05)。孕期体重增加值≥15 kg、年龄>40岁、糖尿病家族史、饮食不规律、匹兹堡睡眠质量指数(PSQI)评分、高能量饮食为高龄经产妇再次妊娠时发生妊娠期糖尿病的危险因素。结论:高龄经产妇再次妊娠时患妊娠糖尿病风险较高,孕期体重增加过多、年龄过大、糖尿病家族史、饮食不规律、睡眠质量不佳、高能量饮食为高龄经产妇再次妊娠时发生妊娠期糖尿病的危险因素,临床需要结合具体危险因素进行针对性干预。

Objective To analyze the risk factors for gestational diabetes mellitus(GDM)in elderly multiparous women during subsequent pregnancies.Methods 212 elderly multiparous women who underwent antenatal care at the Maternal and Child Health Hospital in Dongchangfu District,Liaocheng City,from January 2022 to October 2023.The incidence of GDM was calculated,with pregnant women who developed GDM placed in the observation group and those who did not develop GDM placed in the control group.Logistic regression analysis was performed to identify the risk factors for GDM in elderly multiparous women during subsequent pregnancies.Results Among the 212 elderly multiparous women selected,28 cases of GDM were identified,resulting in an incidence rate of 13.21%.There were statistically significant differences(P<0.05)in gestational weight gain,age,family history of diabetes,irregular diet,sleep quality,and high-energy diet between the observation group and the control group.Gestational weight gain≥15 kg,age>40 years,family history of diabetes,irregular diet,Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index(PSQI)score,and highenergy diet were identified as risk factors for GDM in elderly multiparous women during subsequent pregnancies.Conclusions The risk of developing GDM is higher in elderly multiparous women during subsequent pregnancies.Excessive gestational weight gain,advancing age,family history of diabetes,irregular diet,poor sleep quality,and high-energy diet are risk factors for the development of GDM in elderly multiparous women during subsequent pregnancies.Targeted interventions are needed in clinical practice based on specific risk factors.