用于VOCs消除的功能材料研究进展

Research Progress of Functional Materials for VOCs Elimination

随着经济快速发展,人类活动产生的挥发性有机物(volatile organic compounds,VOCs)不仅会破坏大气环境,还会严重危害人体健康。在治理VOCs废气的典型技术中,吸附法、等离子体法、催化燃烧法、光催化氧化法等均具有良好的应用前景。材料性能是影响VOCs治理效率的关键因素,不同的技术原理使材料制备和优化方向存在差异,如吸附法需重视所选材料的孔道结构等与VOCs分子尺寸、性质的关系;等离子体法要强化催化剂与等离子体的协同作用;催化燃烧法涉及材料的氧化还原能力;光催化氧化法则是材料对光能的有效转化能力等。所以,明确各类技术中所用功能材料的改进重点,才能为相关材料的设计提供思路,大幅改善VOCs消除的效率。最后,对用于VOCs消除的材料研发提出了更高要求,包括具有良好抗中毒性能的材料、可协同消除多组分污染物的材料、取长补短的组合技术以及资源化利用技术。

With the rapid economic development,volatile organic compounds(VOCs)come from human activities will not only cause damage to the atmosphere,but also seriously be harmful to human health.Among the typical technologies of VOCs removal,the promising prospects will appear in application of adsorption method,plasma method,catalytic combustion method and photocatalytic oxidation method.The performance of applied materials is the core of the efficiency for VOCs removal.However,the preparation and modification of optimal materials will be determined by technology principles,such as adsorption method should pay attention to the relationship between the pore structure of materials and the size and properties of VOCs;plasma method will strengthen discussion on the synergistic effect of catalysts and plasma;the redox ability of catalysts is involved in catalytic combustion method;the key of photocatalytic material is the ability of effective conversion of light energy.Therefore,it is important to clarify the improved strategies of functional materials used in various technologies,which can provide new ideas of the catalysts design and greatly enhance the efficiency of VOCs elimination.Moreover,the higher demand is put forward recently,including the materials that are anti-poisoning or simultaneously eliminate multicomponent pollutants,the win-win combination technologies,and a resource-utilization method.