冷链运输车空调冷风机运行自适应PID控制方法研究

Research on Adaptive PID Control Methodfor Air Conditioning Chiller Operation in Cold Chain Transportation Vehicles

冷链运输车空调冷风机运行环境复杂,导致传统的比例积分微分(PID)控制过程难以准确设定控制参数。为解决这一问题,设计冷链运输车空调冷风机运行自适应PID控制方法。首先,通过分析冷链运输车空调冷风机工作过程,选取多个控制参数,以降低复杂度。然后,设计基于自适应PID控制器的控制模型,以送风温度和送风压力作为控制量,将冷、热水流量及风机转速作为被控制量,求解控制量和被控制量的传递函数。最后,根据传递函数与期望值间的耦合关系,对控制分量的增减进行调整,以实现冷链运输车空调冷风机运行的自适应PID控制。试验结果表明,该方法能够使冷链运输车内温度保持稳定。该方法控制精准度高、鲁棒性强、实用价值高,可以确保货物在整个冷链运输过程中的质量和安全。

The complex operating environment of the air conditioning chiller in the cold chain transportation vehicles lead to the difficulty of accurately setting the control parameters of the traditional proportional integral differential(PID) control process.To solve this problem, an adaptive PID control method is designed for the operation of air conditioning chillers in cold chain transportation vehicles.Firstly, multiple control parameters are selected to reduce the complexity by analyzing the working process of air conditioning chillers in cold chain transportation vehicles.Then, the control model based on adaptive PID controller is designed to take the air supply temperature and air supply pressure as the control quantities, and the flow rate of cold and hot water and the fan speed as the controlled quantities and solve the transfer functions of the control quantities and the controlled quantities.Finally, according to the coupling relationship between the transfer function and the desired value, the increment and decrement of the control components are adjusted to realize the adaptive PID control of the operation of the air conditioning chiller in the cold chain transportation vehicles.The test results show that the method can keep the temperature inside the cold chain transportation vehicle stable.The method has high control accuracy, strong robustness, and high practical value, which can ensure the quality and safety of the goods during the whole cold chain transportation process.