摘要
充分理解降水微物理的局地变化特征有助于提升本地化降水的模拟和预报能力。利用我国华南地区夏季四个站点(广西北海涠洲岛、防城港,广东阳江、江门上川岛)的雨滴谱观测数据,研究对比近海岛屿与沿岸陆上的降水微物理特征差异。研究表明,对流性降水对华南地区夏季降水量的贡献最大,且对流性降水的微物理特征具有明显的局地差异,具体表现为东部站点(阳江、上川岛)大雨滴更多而小雨滴浓度偏低,而西部站点(涠洲岛、防城港)的小雨滴浓度更高。此外,沿岸站点(阳江、防城港)较岛屿站点(上川岛、涠洲岛)的大雨滴浓度更高。研究还讨论了降水微物理的局地差异与环境变量之间的关系,发现东部(沿岸)站较西部(岛屿)站具有更厚的暖云层,更长的雨滴下落路径增强了碰并过程,从而促进了雨滴粒径的增长。同时,还拟合了华南地区四站的μ-L关系和Z-R关系以应用于提高降水和雨滴谱的估计和反演精度。可为研究我国华南地区降水微物理的局地变化特征提供较全面的参考依据。
To improve precipitation estimation and forecasting,it is important to have a thorough understanding of the regional variability of raindrop size distribution(DSD)characteristics.This study aims to investigate the differences in DSDs between island and inland areas along the South China coastline,using observations from four disdrometers.The results of the study reveal that convective precipitation is the main contributor to summer rainfall in South China,with regional variations in DSD.The eastern stations(Shangchuan Island and Yangjiang)exhibit a higher concentration of large raindrops and a lower concentration of small raindrops compared to the western stations(Weizhou Island and Fangchenggang),which have more small raindrops.Additionally,the inland stations have a higher number of large raindrops(with a diameter greater than 3mm)compared to the island stations.The study also discusses the differences in environmental conditions that contribute to these variations.It is found that the warm cloud depth at the eastern(inland)stations is thicker than at the western(island)stations,indicating a longer pathway for raindrops to fall towards the ground and an enhanced collisional-coalescence process for raindrop growth.Furthermore,the shape-slope(μ-L)and radar reflectivity-rain rate(Z-R)relationships for the four stations also exhibit differences.Overall,this study provides a more comprehensive understanding of the regional variability of precipitation microphysics in South China.
作者
符兆阳
张浩
温龙
FU Zhaoyang;ZHANG Hao;WEN Long(Xichang Satellite Launch Center,Xichang,Sichuan 615000,China;Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences,School of Physics,Peking University,Beijing 100871,China)
出处
《热带气象学报》
CSCD
北大核心
2024年第3期456-467,共12页
Journal of Tropical Meteorology
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(41905021)资助。
关键词
降水微物理
雨滴特征
华南
岛屿
Z-R关系
precipitation microphysics
raindrop size distribution
South China
island
Z-R relationship