古希腊的社会支持体系与城邦救济机制

The Social Support System and the Relief Mechanism of the City-States in Ancient Greece

古希腊的社会救济主要依靠社会支持体系、公共支持体系以及城邦救济机制,社会支持体系包括家庭支持与社会共同体支持,公共支持体系包括共地支持、自愿捐献和公共慈善,城邦救济机制包括国家薪金与工作救济等,构成一种以社会支持体系为基础,公共支持体系为依托,城邦救济机制为支撑的社会救济体系。正是上述社会支持体系、公共支持体系与城邦救济机制,使得古希腊虽然没有建立社会救济制度,却可以在一定程度上应对贫困,并为西欧社会的贫困治理奠定了文化基因。

Social relief in ancient Greece mainly relied on a social support system,a public support system,and a city-states relief mechanism.The social support system included family support and social community support.The public support system comprised common land support,voluntary donations,and public charity.The city-states relief mechanism included state salaries and work relief.These elements formed a social relief system anchored in the social support system,underpinned by the public support system,and buttressed by the city-states relief mechanism.Through these mechanisms,ancient Greece,despite not establishing a formal social relief system,was able to address poverty to a certain extent and laid the cultural foundation for poverty governance in Western European societies.