口腔综合干预联合呵护式抚触对新生儿重症监护病房早产儿经口摄入功能康复的应用效果

Effect of comprehensive oral intervention combined with caregiving touch for the functional rehabilitation of oral ingestion of neonatal intensive care unit preterm infants

目的依据《国际功能、残疾和健康分类(儿童和青少年版)》(ICF-CY)理论架构,将早产儿的经口进食能力分类描述为经口摄入功能,研究新生儿重症监护病房(NICU)早产儿经口摄入功能障碍的康复策略。方法选取2020年1月至2023年11月赣州市人民医院NICU收治的60例29周≤出生胎龄≤33周,1500 g≤出生体重≤2000 g的早产儿作为研究对象,按照随机数字表法分为对照组(30例)和观察组(30例),对照组采用口腔综合干预治疗方法,观察组在行口腔综合干预的基础上联合呵护式抚触治疗方法。比较两组早产儿的喂养表现、喂养进程和体重增长情况及平均住院时间。结果观察组开始经口喂养时的喂养效率及摄入奶量比高于对照组,开始经口喂养及完全经口喂养时的纠正胎龄(PMA)和过渡时间短于对照组,完全经口喂养时的体重及平均体重增长速度高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);且观察组的平均住院时间为(27.47±6.81)d,短于对照组(37.25±6.16)d,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论口腔综合干预联合呵护式抚触治疗能加速NICU早产儿经口摄入功能的康复,使NICU早产儿尽早尽快出离NICU、回归家庭和社会。

Objective To study the oral eating ability of preterm infants is classified as oral ingestion function,and the re-habilitation strategy for oral ingestion dysfunction in preterm infants in the neonatal intensive care unit(NICU)based on the theoretical framework of the International Classification of Functioning,Disability and Health(Children and Youth Ver-sion)(ICF-CY).Methods From January 2020 to November 2023,a total of 60 preterm infants(29 weeks≤gestational age≤33 weeks,1500 g≤birth weight≤2000 g)admitted to the NICU of Ganzhou People's Hospital were selected as the study objects and were divided into control group(30 cases)and observation group(30 cases)according to random number table method.The control group received comprehensive oral intervention treatment,while the observation group was treated with comprehensive oral intervention combined with nurturing touch therapy.The feeding performance,feeding progression,weight gain,and average hospital stay were compared between the two groups of preterm infants.Results The feeding effi-ciency and milk intake ratio of the observation group was higher than that of the control group,and the postmenstrual age(PMA)at the beginning of oral feeding,PMA at complete oral feeding,and transition time were shorter than those of the control group,and the body weight at complete oral feeding and average growth speed of body weight were higher than those in the control group,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).The average stay in the observation group was(27.47±6.81)days,which was shorter than(37.25±6.16)days in the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion The combination of comprehensive oral intervention and caregiving touch treatment can accelerate the recovery of oral ingestion by premature NICU infants so that they can leave the NICU as soon as possible and return to their families and society.