基于互联网的“医院-家庭”营养管理模式在慢性肾脏病3~5期患者中的应用效果

Application of Internet-based"hospital to home"nutritional management mode in patients with chronic kidney disease stages 3-5

目的探讨基于互联网的“医院-家庭”营养管理模式在慢性肾脏病3~5期患者中的应用效果。方法选取2021年10月至2022年3月在湖南省人民医院肾内科住院的84例3~5期慢性肾脏病患者为研究对象,通过Excel生成随机数将患者分为对照组(42例)与干预组(42例),对照组实施常规治疗与营养知识宣教,出院后电话随访;干预组在对照组基础上实施基于互联网的“医院-家庭”营养管理模式,比较两组患者干预前、干预3个月末饮食依从性及自我管理能力。结果干预前,两组患者肾脏病饮食知信行问卷得分及自我管理能力评分比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);干预后,对照组的肾脏病饮食知信行问卷得分及自我管理能力评分与本组干预前比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);干预后,干预组的肾脏病饮食知信行问卷得分及自我管理能力评分均高于本组干预前,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。干预后,干预组的肾脏病饮食知信行问卷评分高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论基于互联网的“医院-家庭”营养管理模式可改善慢性肾脏病3~5期患者的饮食依从性、提升患者的自我管理能力。

Objective To explore the application effect of the Internet-based"hospital to home"nutritional management model in patients with chronic kidney disease stages 3-5.Methods A total of 84 patients with chronic kidney disease stages 3-5 admitted to the Department of Nephrology of Hunan Provincial People's Hospital from October 2021 to March 2022 were selected as the study objects.The patients were divided into control group(42 cases)and intervention group(42 cases)using Excel-generated random numbers.Routine treatment and nutritional care were performed in the control group and telephone follow-up was conducted after discharge.The intervention group impliemented the Internet based"hospital to home"nutritional management mode on the basis of the control group,and the dietary adherence and self-management abil-ity of the patients in the two groups before intervention and at the end of 3 months were campared.Results Before interven-tion,there were no significant differences between the scores of the questionnaire on renal disease dietary knowledge-belief-behavior and self-management ability in the two groups of patients with renal disease(P>0.05).After intervention,there were no statistically significant differences between the post-intervention score on the renal disease dietary knowledge-be-lief-behavior and self-management ability in the control group when compared with the group's pre-intervention score(P>0.05).The total score of the renal disease dietary knowledge-belief-behavior questionnaire and self-management ability in the intervention group afer intervation were higher than those before intervention,and the differences were statistically sig-nificant(P<0.05).After intervention,the scores of the questionnaire on the renal disease dietary knowledge-belief-behav-ior and self-management ability in the intervention group were higher than those in the control group,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion The Internet-based"hospital to home"nutritional management mode can improve the dietary compliance and the self-management ability of patients with chronic kidney disease stages 3-5.