努力开拓和深化我国刑法学研究——牛忠志《当代中国刑法理念的革新及其法治实践贯彻》序言

Expand and Deepen the Study of Criminal Law in China--Preface to Niu Zhongzhi's The Innovation of the Concept of Criminal Law in Contemporary China and the Implementation of the Rule of Law

司法机关在进行刑事立案确定罪量时,需要综合考虑影响行为社会危害性的客观因素与主观因素,做到客观主义和主观主义并重而不能失之偏颇。罪量认定是事实判断与价值判断的有机统一,行为事实是认定罪量的基础,对行为事实进行价值判断是认定罪量的保障。罪量认定面临的问题主要包括:形式上将客观因素与主观因素分别而论,导致罪量认定发生标准上的偏颇;罪量认定存在以单一或纯粹事实为根据的现象,没有揭示犯罪的本质特征;将定罪的价值判断与量刑的价值判断相混淆;不能及时适应情势变迁需要调整立案追诉标准,难以充分体现处罚必要性。化解罪量认定中的问题需要做到:罪量认定必须坚持主客观相统一,不能厚此薄彼或者此消彼长;罪量认定坚持事实判断与价值判断相结合,区分定罪情节与量刑情节;及时调整刑事立案追诉标准,确保刑事立案的公平、公正;健全和完善刑事立案监督机制。

When the judicial organ determines the amount of crime in the criminal case filing,it is necessary to comprehensively consider the objective factors and subjective factors that affect the social harm of the behavior,so that both objectivism and subjectivism are equally important.The determination of the amount of crime is the unity of fact judgment and value judgment.Behavior is the basis of determining the amount,and the value judgment of behavioral facts is the guarantee of determining the amount of crime.The main problems of the determination of the amount of crime include:separating the objective factors from the subjective factors in form,and the standard of the determination of the amount of crime is not accurate;the determination of the amount of crime is based on a single or pure fact,which does not reveal the essential characteristics of the crime;confuses the value judgment of conviction with the value judgment of sentencing;it can not adapt to the change of the situation in time to adjust the standard of filing and prosecution,and it is difficult to fully reflect the necessity of punishment.To resolve the problems in the determination of the amount of crime:the determination of the amount of crime must adhere to the unity of subjective and objective;adhere to the combination of fact judgment and value judgment,distinguish between conviction and sentencing circumstances;adjust the criminal prosecution standards in a timely manner to ensure fairness and justice;improve and perfect the supervision mechanism of criminal case filing.