类器官与器官芯片技术在阿尔茨海默病中的研究进展

Recent progress of organoids and organ-on-a-chip technology in Alzheimer′s disease

阿尔茨海默病(AD)是一种神经退行性疾病,在过去的几十年里,人们对该病的发病机制仍未完全清楚,治疗手段依旧匮乏。由于二维细胞和动物模型无法完全模拟AD的发病机制,在新药的临床试验上存在不足。类器官和器官芯片技术的发展改善了AD研究的困境,为致病机制和药物筛选的研究提供了可靠的体外研究模型。文中阐述了类器官和器官芯片在AD建模、发病机制及药物开发等方面的应用及进展,并讨论了类器官和器官芯片目前存在的局限性和未来展望。

Alzheimer′s disease(AD)is a neurodegenerative disorder.In the past few decades,the exact mechanisms underlying the onset of the disease have remained unclear,and treatment options are still lacking.Due to the inability of two-dimensional cell and animal models to fully simulate the pathogenesis of AD,there have been shortcomings in clinical trials of new drugs.The development of organoids and organ-on-a-chip technologies has improved the dilemma of AD research,providing reliable in vitro research models for studying pathogenic mechanisms and drug screening.This article elaborates on the applications and progress of organoids and organ-on-a-chip in AD modeling,pathogenesis,and drug development,and discusses the current limitations of organoids and organ-on-a-chip and their future perspectives.