早期康复训练结合多元化健康教育对老年骨质疏松腰椎压缩性骨折患者的影响研究

A Study on the Impact of Early Rehabilitation Training Combined with Diversified Health Education on Elderly Patients with Osteoporotic Lumbar Vertebral Compression Fractures

目的:分析早期康复训练结合多元化健康教育对老年骨质疏松腰椎压缩性骨折患者的影响。方法:选取我院2020年12月—2022年12月收治的90例老年骨质疏松腰椎压缩性骨折患者为研究对象,按随机数字表法分为对照组和观察组。对照组(n=45)采用常规护理,观察组(n=45)采用早期康复训练结合多元化健康教育。随访至术后3个月,评估2组患者的健康认知、疼痛与功能康复、自我护理能力、应对方式与自我效能,记录并发症发生情况。结果:护理后,2组OKT各项评分均高于护理前,且观察组高于对照组,组间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);术后3d,观察组疼痛视觉模拟评分低于对照组,组间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);术后3个月,观察组日本骨科协会评估治疗分数、Barthel指数评定量评分均高于对照组,组间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);护理后,2组自我护理能力量表各项评分均高于护理前,且观察组高于对照组,组间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);护理后,2组屈服、回避评分均低于护理前,且观察组低于对照组,组间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);2组面对评分高于护理前,且观察组高于对照组,组间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);护理后,2组一般自我效能量表评分均高于护理前,且观察组高于对照组,组间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组并发症发生率低于对照组,组间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:早期康复训练结合多元化健康教育用于老年骨质疏松腰椎骨折患者群中,能有效缓解疼痛,增加健康知识,提高自我护理能力,改善应对方式,促进功能恢复,减少并发症的发生。

Objective:Analysis of the impact of early rehabilitation training combined with diversified health education on elderly patients with osteoporotic lumbar vertebral compression fractures.Methods:Selecting 90 elderly patients with osteoporotic lumbar vertebral compression fractures admitted to the hospital from December 2020 to December 2022 as the research subjects.Divide into a control group and an observation group using a random number table method.The control group(n=45)received routine care,while the observation group(n=45)received early rehabilitation training combined with diversified health education.Follow up until 3 months postoperatively to evaluate the health cognition,pain and functional recovery,self-care ability,coping strategies,and self-efficacy of two groups of patients,and record complications.Results:After nursing,the OKT scores of both groups were higher than before nursing,and the observation group was higher than the control group,with statistical significance(P<0.05);after 3 days of surgery,the pain visual Analogue Scale score of the observation group was lower than that of the control group,with statistical significance(P<0.05);after 3 months of surgery,the Japanese Orthopaedic Associatiol Score and Barthel Index Score of the lumbar spine in the observation group were higher than those in the control group,and the differences between the two groups were statistically significant(P<0.05);after nursing,all scores on the Electron Spectroscopy for Chemical Analysia scale in both groups were higher than before nursing,and the observation group was higher than the control group,with statistical significance(P<0.05);after nursing,the yield and avoidance scores of both groups were lower than before nursing,and the observation group was lower than the control group,with statistical significance(P<0.05);two groups had higher scores than before nursing,and the observation group had higher scores than the control group,with statistical significance(P<0.05);after nursing,the General Self-Efficacy Scale scores of both groups were higher than before nursing,and the observation group was higher than the control group,with statistical significance(P<0.05);The incidence of complications in the observation group was lower than that in the control group,with statistical significance(P<0.05).Conclusion:Early rehabilitation training combined with diversified health education for elderly patients with osteoporosis and lumbar vertebral fractures,can effectively alleviate pain and increase health knowledge,Improve self-care skills and improve coping strategies,promoting functional recovery,reducing complications.