江苏省35~75岁居民高血压患病、血压控制情况及相关因素分析

Prevalence of hypertension,blood pressure control and influencing factors in residents aged 35-75 years in Jiangsu Province

目的了解江苏省35~75岁居民高血压患病、血压控制情况及其影响因素,为高血压防治提供数据支持和依据。方法2021-2022年在江苏省采取分层整群抽样方法,在12个地市22个区(县)开展社区人群调查,共纳入123531名35~75岁常住居民。采用SPSS 23.0软件进行χ^(2)检验和多因素logistic回归分析,使用Joinpoint 4.9.1.0软件评价年龄变化趋势。结果本研究居民高血压标化患病率为46.60%,男性高于女性,农村高于城市;标化控制率为11.24%,男性低于女性,农村低于城市。随着年龄的升高,患病率和控制率呈上升趋势(均P<0.001)。多因素logistic回归分析结果显示,男性、年龄越大、农村、饮酒频率越高、分居/丧偶、超重/肥胖、中心性肥胖、脑卒中、糖尿病、血脂异常、高血压家族史是高血压患病的危险因素,男性、农村、北方地区、饮酒频率越高、肥胖是血压控制的危险因素。结论江苏省35~75岁居民高血压患病率较高,血压控制率较低,建议采取全方位的综合干预措施,重点关注农村、低文化程度人群的高血压防控工作,减轻患者疾病负担。

Objective To understand the prevalence,blood pressure control,and influencing factors of hypertension in residents aged 35-75 years in Jiangsu Province,and provide data support and basis for hypertension prevention and treatment.Methods A stratified cluster sampling method was adopted to conduct community population surveys in 22 districts and counties in 12 prefectures in Jiangsu from 2021 to 2022.A total of 123531 permanent residents aged 35-75 years were included in the study.The questionnaire survey collected the information about the demographic characteristics,disease history,lifestyle,and control of hypertension of study subjects.Statistical software SPSS 23.0 was used forχ^(2) test and multivariate logistic regression analysis,and Joinpoint 4.9.1.0 software was used to evaluate the trend of age change.Results The standardized prevalence of hypertension in study subjects was 46.60%,the prevalence was higher in men than in women,and in rural residents than in urban residents,and the standardized blood pressure control rate was 11.24%,and it was lower in men than in women and in rural residents than in urban residents.The hypertension prevalence and control rates showed increasing trends with age(both P<0.001).The multivariate analysis results showed that being man,older age,being rural resident,higher frequency of alcohol consumption,marital status of being separated and widowed,overweight and obese,abdominal obesity and stroke,diabetes mellitus and dyslipidaemic diseases histories,and family history of hypertension were risk factors for hypertension,and being man,being rural resident,living north area,higher frequency of alcohol consumption,and obesity were risk factors for blood pressure control.Conclusions The prevalence of hypertension in residents aged 35-75 years in Jiangsu was high,and the rate of blood pressure control was low.It is suggested to take integrated intervention measures,especially in in rural residents and people with low levels of education to reduce the disease burden of the patients.