高光谱显微成像技术在微/纳米塑料分析检测中的新应用

New Applications of Hyperspectral Microscopy in Micro/Nano Plastics Analysis and Detection

随着塑料污染问题的日益严重,微/纳米塑料因其对生态环境及人体健康的潜在风险而备受关注,精准识别并鉴定复杂介质及生物体中的微/纳米塑料(以纳米塑料为主)已成为该领域深入发展的瓶颈。高光谱成像是一种前沿分析技术,能够对微/纳米颗粒、生物大分子等进行非破坏性、多组分检测,提供目标样品的空间信息和光谱特征,实现精确识别和定量分析。由于该技术在生物体无标记原位成像应用中的可行性,近年来在微/纳米塑料分析检测中展现出巨大的应用潜力。对高光谱显微成像技术的工作原理进行阐述,总结了该技术在生态环境、生物医学等不同科学领域及交叉学科的发展,重点分析了该技术在微/纳米塑料分析检测中的优势,系统综述了该技术在不同环境介质(如,水、大气)和生物体中微/纳米塑料检测的应用。最后,对高光谱显微成像技术未来的功能开发及研究方向进行了建议及展望,为建立并完善微/纳米塑料的精准识别与鉴定方法提供技术保障。

With the escalating issue of plastic pollution,micro/nano plastics have garnered significant attention due to their potential risks to the ecological environment and human health.The accurate identification and characterization of micro/nano plastics,especially nanoplastics,in complex media and organisms has become a bottleneck in the development of this field.Hyperspectral imaging is an advanced and powerful analysis technology capable of detecting micro/nano particles,biological macromolecules,and other non-destructive multi-components.It provides spatial information and spectral characteristics of target samples,enabling accurate identification and quantitative analysis.This paper presents the working principle of hyperspectral microscopic imaging technology and provides an overview of its development and application in various scientific fields and interdisciplinary areas such as ecological environment and biomedicine.In addition,it focuses on examining the advantages of this technology in analyzing and detecting of micro/nano plastics,along with its application in the detection of micro/nano plastics in different environmental media(e.g.,water,atmosphere)and organisms.Finally,we propose suggestions and future prospects for the functional development and research direction of hyperspectral microscopic imaging technology.It will provide technical support for establishing and improving accurate identification method of micro/nano plastics.