法国自我书写的历史演变与当代走向

The Evolution and Direction of French Self-Writing

2022年,诺贝尔文学奖和法国龚古尔文学奖均颁发给了从事自我书写的法国女作家,使得该文学样式一时间备受关注。然而,法国自我书写的今日辉煌远非一蹴而就,它的演变与走向不仅意味着一种文学式样的发展,也折射出了人们在诉求与思想上的变迁。法国自我书写在文艺复兴时期人文主义思想的影响下诞生,在广泛书写大写之他的环境中尝试突破,对小写之我进行刻画,并于19世纪迎来黄金时期,却因20世纪两次世界大战对思想的巨大冲击而丧失了自我的主体性,后以虚实结合的新姿态重构自我。而今天,法国自我书写已经走出作者对个体自我建构的局限性,在共同记忆的基础上充当集体的代言人,用文学的方式建立一种社会档案,将个体的故事书写成集体的历史。

In 2022,the Nobel Prize for Literature and the Goncourt Prize were both awarded to French women writers engaged in self-writing,bringing the genre into the limelight.However,its success has not been achieved at one stroke.The evolution and direction of French self-writing is not only a reflection of the development of a literary style,but also a reflection of the changes in people's aspirations and thoughts.French self-writing was born under the influence of humanism during the Renaissance,trying to break through the environment of writing extensively about the Other and portraying the Self.French self-writing had its golden period in the 19th century,but lost its subjectivity due to the great impact of the two world wars on thought in the 2Oth century,and then reconstructed itself in a new way by combining reality and fiction.Today,French self-writing has moved beyond the limitation of the author's construction of the individual self,acting as a treasury on the basis of shared memory,and become a kind of social archive by writing individual stories as a collective history.