古今之争中的女性声音——多尔努瓦夫人的“仙女故事”创作与《菲内特-桑德隆》

The Feminine Voice in the Quarrel of Ancients and Moderns:Mme d'Aulnoy's Fairy Tales and"Finette-Cendron"

现代的童话体裁起源于17世纪末期法国上流社会中的“仙女故事”书写风尚,以文学沙龙中的贵族女性为主要创作力量。作为创设并发展于古今之争中的体裁,“仙女故事”不仅声援了厚今派的文艺主张,更反驳了男性所代表的古典主义文学权威,提出了独立自主的女性道德,是女性创作群体在古今之争与女性之争中的论争武器。本文以代表性作者多尔努瓦夫人为例,辅以对其“灰姑娘”版本《菲内特-桑德隆》的分析,展示在童话文类的发生初期,“仙女故事”中的女性意识先于儿童意识出现,是开拓女性文学空间的重要手段。

The"fairy tales"genre has its roots in the fashion of"contes de fées"in the literary salons of late 17th-century France,and most of these tales were written by aristocratic women.As a genre born and developed in the Quarrel of Ancients and Moderns,the"contes de fées"aimed not only to defend the literary modernity advocated by the Moderns,but also to challenge the literary institutions embodied by the Ancients,to celebrate feminine independence.This article,which focuses on the tales of Mme d'Aulnoy,one of the representatives of these female authors,and more specifically on her"Finette-Cendron",seeks to show that fairy tales in their early days were marked more by a feminine consciousness than by a discovery of childhood:they were a means by which female authors expanded women's literary space.