玄参净制去芦的必要性研究

Necessity of Removing Basal Part of Stem of Scrophularia ningpoensis in Purification Process

目的:探究去除玄参芦头对净制玄参药材是否具有必要性。方法:通过对比不同批次玄参药材根和芦头净制后得率、含水量以及浸出物,采用高效液相色谱法比较哈巴苷、哈巴俄苷、安格洛苷C、麦角甾苷、肉桂酸5个主要活性成分含量,并采用苯酚-硫酸法测定玄参多糖,且对上述成分进行主成分分析(PCA),采用脂多糖(LPS)诱导小胶质细胞(BV-2细胞)建立炎症模型,通过测定细胞上清液中一氧化氮(NO)的释放量,考察玄参根和芦头的抗炎活性,综合评价去除芦头的必要性。结果:玄参中芦头占药材重量的10%~20%,玄参根中浸出物高于芦头;PCA结果显示将玄参根和芦头区分为2大类,哈巴苷、哈巴俄苷、肉桂酸以及多糖类活性成分以玄参根中含量高,但芦头中也有较大的贡献,而玄参芦头以安格洛苷C、麦角甾苷含量较多;玄参根和芦头的抗炎活性比较,差异无统计学意义。结论:按照传统习惯,玄参净制去芦具有一定的科学道理,但玄参芦头具有一定的药用价值,在提取物制备等方面进一步挖掘利用。

Objective:To investigate whether it is necessary to remove the basal part of the stem of Scrophularia ningpoensis Hemsl.during the purification process.Methods:The yields,moisture content,and extractive substances of the roots and stem basal parts of S.ningpoensis from different batches after purification were compared.The content of five main active components,i.e.,harpagide,harpagoside,angoroside C,acteoside,and cinnamic acid,were analyzed using high-performance liquid chromatography(HPLC).The Scrophularia polysaccharide content was determined using the phenol-sulfuric acid method,and principal component analysis(PCA) was conducted on the aforementioned components.An inflammation model was established by inducing BV-2 microglial cells with lipopolysaccharide(LPS),and the anti-inflammatory activity of the roots and stem basal parts of S.ningpoensis was evaluated by measuring the release of nitric oxide(NO) in the cell supernatant to comprehensively evaluate the necessity of removing basal part of stem of S.ningpoensis.Results:The basal part of stem accounted for 10% to 20% of the total weight of S.ningpoensis.The extractive substances in the roots were higher than those in the basal parts of stem.PCA results showed that the roots and basal parts of stem could be classified into two major groups.The content of harpagide,harpagoside,and cinnamic acid,as well as polysaccharides were higher in the roots,but the basal parts of stem also had significant contributions.The basal parts of stem had higher content of angoroside C and acteoside.There was no statistically significant difference in the anti-inflammatory activity between the roots and basal parts of stem.Conclusion:The traditional practice of removing the basal parts of stem of S.ningpoensis during purification has some scientific basis.However,the basal parts of stem also possess certain medicinal values and should be further explored and utilized,especially in the preparation of extracts.