从构想到运行:欧洲统一专利法院的设立及其启示

From Conception to Operation:The Establishment of the European Unified Patent Court and its Inspiration

欧洲统一专利法院的制度构建遵循渐进性原则,先解决单一专利申请、审查和授权问题,再处理专利无效宣告和侵权认定问题,在规范体系建设上,实现国家机制与超国家机制的结合与并存,有助于发挥欧盟运行的灵活性。未来需要重点关注统一专利法院高效且“亲专利权人”的运作,德国专利诉讼制度的影响力,以及一体化专利保护对创新收益的影响。统一专利法院从构想到运行的发展历程对我国知识产权司法保护具有重要启迪意义,应制定知识产权诉讼专门程序规则,完善专门法院配套制度建设;加强知识产权司法合作,提前谋划区域性纠纷解决机制;坚持平衡发展理念,在深化知识产权审判改革的实践中寻找中国解决方案。

The system construction of the European Unified Patent Court(UPC) follows the principle of graduality,which first resolves the issues of unitary patent application,examination and granting,and then deal with the issues of patent invalidation and infringement determination.In the construction of the UPC's normative system,the combination and coexistence of the national mechanism and the supranational mechanism is conducive to giving full play to the flexibility of the European Union's operation.In the future,attention needs to be paid to the efficient and “pro-patentee” operation of the UPC,the influence of the German patent litigation system,and the impact of unified patent protection on innovation revenue.The development process of the UPC from conception to operation is of great enlightening significance to China's judicial protection of intellectual property rights.The special procedural rules for intellectual property litigation should be formulated and the supporting systems for specialized intellectual property courts should be improved.Meanwhile,judicial cooperation on intellectual property rights should be strengthened and the establishment of a regional dispute resolution mechanism should be planned in advance.It should treat different voices rationally,adhere to the concept of balanced development,and find Chinese solutions in the practice of deepening the reform of intellectual property adjudication.