金元时期陕北地区正一道的流布与全真道的勃兴--以出土碑铭资料为中心

The Spread of Zhengyi Dao and the Rise of Quanzhen Dao in Northern Shaanxi during the Jin and Yuan Dynasties--Centered on Unearthed Inscription Data

金元时期中国道教得到了长足的发展,新教派纷纷出现且在宗教理论、传教方式、组织形式等方面都逐渐成熟完善。从对陕北地区发现的道教碑刻资料的考察可知,金元时期该区域内道教流派最初以正一派为主,全真教创立后,通过采取拉拢上层官绅、争取下层百姓、道观间相互扶持、发展道观经济、对儒释吸收融合的综合发展模式,一大批全真教道观陆续兴建,教众迅速增加,从而形成以延安城、鄜州葫芦河川、甘泉北洛河中游、宜川鹦鹉川和绥德州镇川寨长春观为核心的道教传播地带。金元时期道教在陕北地区的广泛传播,起到了教化百姓、稳定社会的作用。

During the Jin and Yuan Dynasties,Chinese Taoism has made great progress.Protestant sects appeared one after another and gradually matured and improved in religious theory,missionary methods and organizational forms.From the investigation of the Taoist inscriptions found in Northern Shaanxi,it can be seen that the Taoist schools in the region were dominated by the Zhenyi school in the Jin and Yuan Dynasties.After the establishment of Quanzhen Tao,through the adoption of the comprehensive development model of attracting the upper officials and gentry,striving for the lower people,supporting each other between Taoist temples,developing Taoist economy,and absorbing and integrating Confucianism and Buddhism,a number of Quanzhen Taoist temples have been rebuilt or newly built,and Quanzhen Tao has flourished,thus forming a long and narrow belt of Taoist communication centered on Yan’an City,Fuzhou Hulu River,Ganquan Bei Luo River,Yichuan Parrot River and Wuding River.The wide spread of Taoism in Northern Shaanxi during the Jin and Yuan Dynasties played a role in educating the people and stabilizing the society.