场域理论视角下城市文化空间旅游化的特征与机制——以合柴1972工业记忆小镇为例

Characteristics and Mechanism of Urban Cultural Space Tourismification Based on Field Theory:A Case Study of Hechai 1972 Industrial Memory Town

城市文化空间旅游化对传承城市文脉、实施城市更新战略具有重要价值。文章基于Bourdieu的场域理论,建构旅游场域的概念模型,并以合柴1972工业记忆小镇为例,通过田野调查法、文本分析法以及数理分析方法对城市文化空间旅游化的特征与机制进行实证分析。结果表明:1)合柴旅游化经历旅游市场初构、旅游空间置换、复合空间生成3个发展阶段,在主体互动模式、资本累积、文化认同、价值理念等方面发生显著变化;2)旅游资本和主体价值感知是关键的中介因素,通过有效衔接旅游惯习而形成3条推进城市文化空间旅游化的链式路径,且游客和居民的作用效果存在显著异质性;3)旅游惯习、旅游资本、主体价值感知是推动城市文化空间旅游化的核心条件,主要通过组态形式发挥作用,形成3种非城市文化空间旅游化的驱动类型——价值依存型、利益诉求型、惯习内化型。研究结论揭示了人的主体性影响城市文化空间旅游化的复杂因果关系及理论过程,为旅游地文化价值挖掘及可持续发展提供实践借鉴和理论参考。

Urban cultural space tourismification holds significant value in preserving the urban context and implementing urban renewal strategies.Based on Bourdieu's field theory,this study establishes a conceptual model of tourism field to explore the characteristics and mechanism of urban cultural space tourismification.Taking the example of Hechai 1972 Industrial Memory Town,empirical investigations,text analyses,and mathematical analyses are conducted to examine the characteristics and mechanisms of urban cultural space tourismification.The results show that:1)Hechai tourism has experienced three stages of development:initial tourism market construction,tourism space replacement,and the emergence of composite spaces.These stages lead to notable changes in subject interaction mode,capital accumulation,cultural identity and value concept.2)Tourism capital and subjective value perception are identified as key intermediary factors,which form three chain paths to promote urban cultural space tourismification by effectively connecting tourism habitus,and the effects of tourists and residents are found to be significantly heterogeneous.3)The core conditions facilitating the realization of urban cultural space tourismification are recognized as tourism habitus,tourism capital,and subjective value perception,which mainly play a role through conditional configurations,resulting in three driving types of"non-urban cultural space tourismification":value-dependence type,benefitappeal type,and habitus-internalized type.The research findings unveil the intricate causal relationship and theoretical process of human subjectivity influencing urban cultural space tourismification,offering practical and theoretical insights for mining cultural value and fostering the sustainable development of touristdestinations.