兰州滨河公园自生植物物种组成及多样性分析

Species composition and diversity analysis of autophytes in Lanzhou riverside parks

调查研究兰州4处滨河公园自生植物的物种组成和多样性特征,为低成本、低养护和野趣自然的园林景观规划提供参考。在黄河兰州主城区段自西向东选取银滩湿地公园、马滩湿地公园、马拉松主题公园、雁滩公园,通过网格系统取样法共设置344个样方,调查研究滨河公园自生植物物种组成和分布特征。结果表明,4处滨河公园共有44科118属163种;在物种来源中,乡土物种79种(48.46%)、国内外来物种53种(32.51%)、国外外来物种14种(8.58%)、入侵植物有17种(10.42%);4处滨河公园间α多样性存在显著差异(P<0.05);银滩湿地公园、马滩湿地公园、马拉松主题公园、雁滩公园的多样性指数H'分别为4.76、4.36、4.064、3.99;均匀度指数J'分别为0.53、0.586、0.56、0.54;丰富度指数R'分别为30.68、29.47、22.80、20.27;平均多度分别为55.43、44.82、50.16、39.40。兰州滨河公园自生植物资源较为丰富,在未来的城市园林绿地建设中可合理规划,提高自生植物的应用比例,并根据不同环境营造具有地域特色的自生植物景观。

To investigate and study the species composition and diversity characteristics of autophytes in four river⁃side parks in Lanzhou,so as to provide a reference for low⁃cost,low⁃maintenance and wild natural landscape planning,a total of 344 quadrats were selected from west to east in the main urban section of Lanzhou of the Yellow River to investi⁃gate the species composition and distribution characteristics of authigenic plants in the riverside parks.The results showed that:there were 163 species in 118 genera and 44 families,79 native species(48.46%),67 alien species(41.10%)and 17 invasive species(10.42%)in the four riverside parks;there were significant differences inαdiversity among the four riverside parks(P<0.05);the Shannon⁃Wiener diversity indices of Yintan Wetland Park,Matan Wet⁃land Park,Marathon Theme Park and Yantan Park were 4.76,4.36,4.064 and 3.99,respectively;the Pielou even⁃ness indices were 0.53,0.586,0.56 and 0.54,the Patrick richness indices were 30.68,29.47,22.80 and 20.27,and the average abundances were 55.43,44.82,50.16 and 39.40,respectively.Lanzhou riverside parks are rich in auto⁃phytes,and the future construction of urban gardens and green spaces can be reasonably planned,the proportion of auto⁃phytes can be increased,and the landscape of autophytes with regional characteristics can be created according to differ⁃ent environments.