科研合作者的身份差异是否影响科研产出?——来自高校国家重点实验室的分析

Does the Identity Difference of Co-authors in Scientific Collaboration Affect Research Output?——Evidence From the State Key Laboratories Supported by Colleges and Universities

[研究目的]科研合作是促进知识流动、推动学科发展、解决重大科学和技术问题的重要方式。国家重点实验室是国家战略科技力量的重要组成部分,其科研产出绩效影响国家战略性科技任务的实施成效。为了提升国家重点实验室科研合作效率和产出绩效,有必要考察科研合作者的身份差异对科研产出的影响机理。[研究方法]采用分层抽样、问卷调查和深度访谈方法,对以高校为依托单位的国家重点实验室进行调查。通过控制年龄、性别、学历背景等个人特征变量,运用logistic回归分析模型,分别考察实验室主任、精英科学家和青年科学家三类不同合作者的身份差异以及身份的相互关系对科研合作SCI论文产出、合作的稳定性、合作溢出效益的影响。[研究结论]研究发现,与青年科学家合作对SCI论文产出有显著影响,基于师生合作的稳定性最为显著,与实验室主任合作对于获取科研资助影响显著。这在一定程度上表明我国科研资助体系与科研产出之间存在的偏差,科研资助分配的行政偏好并不能直接产生SCI合作论文,也无法保证合作的稳定性。建议科研资助体系设计更加关怀青年学者的成长,完善科技人才项目资助链,进一步加大青年学者资助力度。

[Research purpose]Research collaboration is an important way to inspire knowledge flow,promote disciplinary development,and solve major scientific and technological problems.State Key Laboratories(SKLs),as an essential part of the national strategic scientific and technological strength,its performance affects the implementation of national strategic scientific and technological tasks.Examining the effects of identity differences of co-authors in the State Key Laboratories on scientific research output helps to enhance the efficiency of scientific cooperation and research output performance.[Research method]This research investigates the SKLs supported by colleges and universities with stratified sampling,questionnaire survey,and depth interview methods.By controlling personal characteristic variables such as age,gender,and academic background,this paper applies logistic regression model to examine the effects of identity differences and interrelationships among three different types of co-authors,namely,laboratory directors,elite scientists,and young scientists,on the output of research collaborations in terms of SCI papers,the stability of collaborations,and the spillover benefits of collaborations,respectively.[Research conclusion]It shows that collaboration with young scientists has a significant effect on output of SCI papers,the stability of mentor-student based collaboration is the most significant,and collaboration with laboratory directors has a significant effect on obtaining research grants.That means,to some extent,the deviation between China’s scientific research funding system and scientific research output,and the administrative preference of scientific research funding allocation can neither directly produce cooperated SCI papers,nor ensure the stability of research cooperation.It is recommended that the scientific research funding system be designed to pay more attention to the growth of young scholars,improving the funding chain for scientific and technological talent projects,and further increasing the support for young chsolars.